点传火方案对火药颗粒低温破碎特征的数值分析  

Numerical Analysis on the Effect of Ignition Schemes on Low Temperature Crushing Characteristics of Propellant Particles

作　　者：林杨淦 刘东尧[1] LIN Yanggan;LIU Dongyao(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学能源与动力工程学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《弹道学报》2025年第1期20-27,共8页Journal of Ballistics

摘　　要：为提高大口径火炮密实装药发射安全性,在点传火结构上通常采用底火加中心点传火管结构的点传火方案。传火管内传火药的燃烧和流动可以用一维两相模型来描述,结合主装药床的一维两相流模型,可以建立内弹道双一维两相流数学模型。在给定的装药条件下,利用火药颗粒应力模型及相应破碎模型,对点传火过程中主装药床火药颗粒间应力及其破碎特性进行了数值仿真,分析比较传火管结构及传火药质量对主装药床火药颗粒破碎特征的影响。仿真结果表明:传火药量从90 g增加到110 g,火药颗粒破碎度从2.184增加到2.781,增幅达到了27.3%;当传火管长度从0.3 m增加到0.38 m,火药颗粒破碎度从2.487减小到1.35,降幅达到了45.7%;传火管直径从30 mm增加到35 mm,破碎度从2.487减小到1.997,降幅达到了19.7%。传火药质量的增加,会导致装药床火药颗粒破碎度的增大,而传火管长度或直径的增大,降低了传火管内传火药的装填密度,从而导致主装药床火药颗粒破碎度的降低。To improve the propulsion safety of large-caliber solid propellant guns,the ignition system usually includes a primer and a flash tube in the axis of chamber.The combustion and flow of ignition propellant can be illustrated as a one-dimensional two-phase flow model.Combined with the one-dimensional two-phase model of main charge,the double one-dimensional two-phase model can be established for the simulation of interior ballistic process.Under a certain charge condition,the stress and fragmentation characteristics of the propellant particles were numerically simulated with the experimental stress and fragmentation function of the propellant particles in the bore.The simulation results show that the degree of fragmentation increases from 2.184 to 2.781,with an increase of 27.3%,as the mass of propellant in flash tube increases from 90 g to 110 g.The degree of fragmentation decreases from 2.487 to 1.35,with a decrease of 45.7%,as the length of the flash tube increases from 0.3 m to 0.38 m.The degree of fragmentation decreases from 2.487 to 1.997,with a decrease of 19.7%,as the diameter of the flash tube increases from 30 mm to 35 mm.The increase of mass of propellant in flash tube will lead to the increase of fragmentation in the charge bed,and the increase of the length or diameter of the flash tube will reduce the charging density of propellant in the flash tube,resulting in the decrease of fragmentation in the charge bed.

关 键 词：内弹道 火药破碎 低温 发射安全性 

分 类 号：TJ302[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]