低速状态下鸭式布局导弹的下洗现象  

Downwash Phenomenon of Canard-layout Missle at Low Speed

作　　者：母雪鹏 陈少松[1] 魏恺 徐一航 MU Xuepeng;CHEN Shaosong;WEI Kai;XU Yihang(School of Energy and Power engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Jiangnan Electromechanical Design and Research Institute,Guiyang 550000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学能源与动力工程学院,江苏南京210094 [2]江南机电设计研究所,贵州贵阳550000

出　　处：《弹道学报》2025年第1期68-76,共9页Journal of Ballistics

摘　　要：采用数值计算方法并辅以PIV实验,对低速状态下鸭式布局导弹的下洗现象进行了研究。在来流马赫数为0.03(10 m/s)和0.1(34 m/s)的条件下,对鸭式布局导弹气动参数以及流场流动情况进行了计算。结果表明:低速状态下,鸭式布局导弹的下洗现象主要由鸭舵的脱落涡随下洗流对下游流场产生影响。在没有舵偏角的情况下,产生对称的影响。探究了当鸭舵进行滚转操纵时(水平鸭舵差动偏转)下洗现象对全弹滚转特性的影响,发现存在滚转反效现象。主要原因是:在水平鸭舵差动偏转时,其后缘的脱落涡不对称,故下游流场也呈现不对称状态,即鸭舵的脱落涡会与附着在弹身和尾翼上的附着涡相互作用,使得两片水平尾翼上方的低压区域面积不对称,进而提供的法向力不相等,最终尾翼产生与鸭舵控制方向相反的滚转力矩。随着攻角的增大,尾翼产生的反向滚转力矩逐渐大于鸭舵提供的正向滚转力矩,便导致滚转反效。The downwash phenomenon of canard missile at low speed was studied by numerical calculation method and PIV experiment.The aerodynamic parameters and flow field of canard-shaped missile were calculated and analyzed under the condition of free-stream Mach number of 0.03(10 m/s)and 0.1(34 m/s).The results show that the downwash phenomenon of the canard missile is mainly affected by the shedding vortex of the canard with the downwash flow on the downstream flow field at low speed.A symmetrical effect is generated without the rudder deflection angle.In addition,the influence of the downwash phenomenon on the roll characteristics of the whole missile was explored when the canard was rolled(horizontal canard differential deflection).It was found that the roll reverse effect occurred.The main reason is that,the shedding vortex at the trailing edge of the horizontal canard rudder is asymmetric when the horizontal canard rudder is differentially deflected,so the downstream flow field is also asymmetric.That is,the shedding vortex of the canard rudder will interact with the vortex attached to the missile body and the tail,so that the area of the low-pressure zone above the two horizontal tails is asymmetric,and the normal force provided is not equal,and finally the tail produces a rolling moment opposite to the canard rudder control direction.With the increase of the attack angle,the reverse rolling moment generated by the tail fin is gradually greater than the forward rolling moment provided by the canard,leading to the rolling effect.

关 键 词：导弹 鸭式布局 低速 下洗 滚转反效 粒子图像测速实验 

分 类 号：TJ011.3[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术]