鄂尔多斯盆地延川南煤层气田地质特征及勘探开发关键技术  

Geological characteristics and key technologies for exploration and development of the Yanchuannan coalbed methane field,Ordos Basin

作　　者：何希鹏[1,2] 肖翠[1,3] 高玉巧[1,3] 李鑫[1,3] 郭涛[1,3] 蔡潇[1,3] HE Xipeng;XIAO Cui;GAO Yuqiao;LI Xin;GUO Tao;CAI Xiao(Key Laboratory of Deep CBM Exploration and Production,SINOPEC,Nanjing 210011,China;East China Oil&Gas Company,SINOPEC,Nanjing 210011,China;Exploration and Development Research Institute,East China Oil&Gas Company,SINOPEC,Nanjing 210011,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化深层煤层气勘探开发重点实验室,江苏南京210011 [2]中国石化华东油气分公司,江苏南京210011 [3]中国石化华东油气分公司勘探开发研究院,江苏南京210011

出　　处：《煤田地质与勘探》2025年第3期54-71,共18页Coal Geology & Exploration

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司科技部项目(P24199,P23205)。

摘　　要：【目的】我国煤层气资源丰富,是天然气增储上产的重要接替领域,近年来煤层气勘探开发逐步向深层、薄层拓展,但整体上具有非均质性强、超低渗、地应力高、富集规律复杂等地质特点,面临地质理论不完善、关键技术适应性差、投资回报率低等挑战,制约了煤层气规模效益开发。【方法】以鄂尔多斯盆地延川南中深部薄煤层勘探开发实践为例,系统分析气田地质特征,总结煤层气富集高产主控因素,建立了地质工程一体化的中深部薄煤层高效勘探开发技术系列。【结果】(1)延川南气田发育谭坪、万宝山两个构造带,不同构造带沉积、煤岩煤质、储层、保存、地应力特征差异较大,但总体上为中深层、欠饱和、低温、低压的热成因优质煤层气藏,生产特征受控于压裂改造效果,常规疏导式压裂气井具有“见气上产慢、单井产能及可采储量低”的生产特征,有效支撑压裂气井具有“上产快、单井产能及可采储量高”的生产特征。(2)动静结合,形成了中深层煤层气“沉积控煤、保存控富、地应力控渗、有效改造控产”的四元耦合富集高产地质认识。(3)建立地质–工程“双甜点”定量化指标评价体系,指导有利区优选;形成了煤多尺度孔缝特征定量表征技术,实现储集空间厘米−毫米−微米−纳米级多尺度定量表征。(4)基于煤层气建模数模一体化关键技术明确了剩余气类型及分布规律,指导剩余气富集区重构井网,提高气田储量动用率、采收率;强化井网与缝网的适配性,建立了不同地质条件下“井网–缝网–产能–效益”一体化开发技术政策。(5)针对煤层厚度薄、构造起伏大等问题,兼顾高效钻完井与压裂、排采需求,形成了薄层水平井导向–压裂–排采一体化成井技术;通过深化煤岩特性认识,开展多轮次攻关实践及迭代优化,形成了“高液量前置拓缝长,变�[Objective]China boasts abundant coalbed methane(CBM)resources,which serve as a crucial replacement for the reserve growth and production addition of natural gas resources.In recent years,CBM exploration and production have gradually expanded into deep,thin coal seams,which,however,are characterized by strong heterogeneity,ultra-low permeability,high in situ stress,and complex enrichment patterns.Therefore,the exploration and exploitation of deep,thin coal seams face challenges such as inadequate geological theories,poor adaptability of key technologies,and low investment returns,which hinder large-scale commercial CBM production.[Methods]Focusing on the exploration and exploitation practice of middle-deep,thin coal seams in the Yanchuannan CBM field within the Ordos Basin,this study systematically analyzed the geological characteristics of the CBM field,summarized the primary factors controlling CBM enrichment and high productivity,and established a series of geology-engineering integrated technologies for efficient exploration and exploitation of middle-deep,thin coal seams.[Results]The Yanchuannan CBM field contains two structural belts,namely Tanping and Wanbaoshan,which exhibit significantly different sedimentary environments,lithotypes and coal quality,reservoir quality,preservation conditions,and in situ stresses.Nevertheless,this CBM field generally shows middle-deep,undersaturated,low-temperature,low-pressure,thermogenic high-quality CBM reservoirs.The production characteristics of the CBM field are governed by fracturing performance.Specifically,gas wells subjected to conventional guided fracturing exhibit late gas shows and production addition combined with limited singlewell productivity and recoverable reserves.In contrast,gas wells subjected to fracturing with fractures effectively propped demonstrate rapid production addition and high single-well productivity and recoverable reserves.By integrating dynamic and static analyses,this study gained a geological understanding of four-element coupling for

关 键 词：中深部煤层气 薄层煤层气 鄂尔多斯盆地 延川南 富集高产规律 高效勘探开发 技术体系 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学] TE37[天文地球—地质学]