乌兰布和沙漠4种带状沙障建设成效分析  

Analysis of the effectiveness of four types of banded sand barriers in the Ulan Buh Desert

作　　者：高艳利 杨跃文[2,3] 张海东 鲁娅娜 李银祥 何小强[1] 于全旺 殷岱敏 唐海军 GAO Yanli;YANG Yuewen;ZHANG Haidong;LU Yana;LI Yinxiang;HE Xiaoqiang;YU Quanwang;YIN Daimin;TANG Haijun(Hohhot Forestry and Grassland Bureau Comprehensive Security Center,Inner Mongolia,Hohhot 010020,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Science,Hohhot 010010,China;Inner Mongolia Ordos Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station,Ordos 016199,China)

机构地区：[1]呼和浩特市林业和草原局综合保障中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [2]内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]内蒙古鄂尔多斯森林生态系统定位观测研究站,内蒙古鄂尔多斯016199

出　　处：《内蒙古林业科技》2025年第1期1-6,共6页Journal of Inner Mongolia Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：防沙治沙机械装备研发(CAFYBB2024ZA005)。

摘　　要：本研究以乌兰布和沙漠东缘流动沙丘迎风坡布设的4种不同类型沙障为研究对象,开展防风固沙效果调查与分析,以期为流动沙丘科学和高效治理提供理论基础和技术支撑。在稻草沙障、聚乳酸纤维沙袋沙障、芦苇(Phragmites australis)沙障、植物纤维网沙障4种带状沙障防护区及未做沙障防护的流动沙丘(对照)分别设置观测样地,测定近地表风速、蚀积深度和地表形态指标,并进行对比分析。结果表明:稻草沙障的防风效能随距地表高度增加呈现先降低后增大再降低的趋势,其他沙障的防风效能均随距地表高度的增加而降低。4种沙障均改变了近地表粗糙度,与对照相比,粗糙度可提高15.00~46.00倍,防风效能提高了13.35%~20.32%。稻草沙障和聚乳酸纤维沙袋沙障相邻两列沙障间地表凹曲深度较大,分别为18.27 cm和19.17 cm,沙障的防护效果相比其他两类沙障较差;芦苇沙障和植物纤维网沙障的积沙高度一致,凹曲面边缘较平缓,曲面中心深度为12.34 cm和14.04 cm,表明风蚀量较小,沙障防护效果较好。通过综合分析认为芦苇沙障和植物纤维网沙障的防护效果较好。In this study,four different types of sand barriers laid on the windward slope of mobile dunes at the eastern edge of Ulan Buh Desert were taken as the research objects to investigate and analyze the effect of windbreak and sand fixation,with a view to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the scientific and efficient management of mobile dune.By setting up observation plots in four types of sand barriers,namely,straw sand barriers,polylactic acid fiber sand bag sand barriers,Phragmites australis sand barriers,and plant fiber net sand barriers,and mobile dunes without sand barriers(the control),we measured the near-surface wind speed,erosion depth,and surface morphology indexes,and carried out comparative analyses.The results showed that the windbreak efficiency of straw sand barrier decreased first,then increased and then decreased with the increase of height,while the windbreak efficiency of the other sand barriers decreased with the increase of height,and the near-surface roughness of the four types of sand barriers was changed,and the roughness could be increased by 15.00‒46.00 times,and the wind protection efficacy could be increased by 13.35%‒20.32%compared with that of the control.The depth of concave curvature between two adjacent rows of sand barriers was larger in straw sand barriers and polylactic acid fiber sandbag sand barriers,respectively 18.27 cm and 19.17 cm,and the protective effect of the sand barriers was poorer compared with the other two types of sand barriers;the height of sand accumulation was the same in Phragmites australis sand barriers and plant fiber mesh sand barriers,and the edges of concave curvature were more gentle,with the center of the curvature depths of 12.34 cm and 14.04 cm,which indicated that the amount of wind erosion was small,and the protective effect of the sand barriers was better.This indicates that the wind erosion is small and the protective effect of the sand barriers is good.Through the comprehensive analysis,it was concluded that the Phragmites

关 键 词：带状沙障 风速廓线 地表粗糙度 蚀积特征 

分 类 号：S288[农业科学—农业水土工程]