包头市达茂旗种子植物资源调查与分析  

Investigation and Analysis of Seed Plant Resources in Damao Banner of Baotou City

作　　者：杨文斌 李月强 李造哲[2] YANG Wenbin;LI Yueqiang;LI Zaozhe(Comprehensive Guaranty and Technique Extension Center of Shibao Town of Damao Banner in Inner Mongolia,Baotou 014511,China;College of Grassland Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古包头市达茂旗石宝镇综合保障和技术推广中心,内蒙古包头014511 [2]内蒙古农业大学草业学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010011

出　　处：《内蒙古林业科技》2025年第1期37-42,50,共7页Journal of Inner Mongolia Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：为了加强黄河流域野生植物资源的保护和利用,本研究采用野外调查与查阅文献相结合的方法对达尔罕茂明安联合旗(下文简称达茂旗)种子植物资源进行了调查与分析,结果表明:达茂旗共有种子植物53科193属376种,分别占内蒙古自治区全区种子植物科、属、种的45.30%、29.15%、13.85%。其中含21种以上的大科有4科,分别为菊科(Compositae)、豆科(Leguminosae)、禾本科(Gramineae)、藜科(Chenopodiaceae),优势科十分明显。本区系属的分化较大,小属非常丰富,是该区系属级分类群的主要组成部分。多年生草本植物占绝对优势,表现出草原植物群落物种组成的特征。1 a生、2 a生植物数量也较多,表明本区植物适应了该区的干旱环境。本区植物以旱生植物为主,反映了该区气候较为干旱。其中,经济植物资源较为丰富多样,药用植物有117种,占植物总种数的31.12%;饲用植物有121种,占植物总种数的32.18%;观赏植物、野菜植物、野果植物、材用植物、蜜源植物、纤维植物、农药植物、香料植物、油脂植物、淀粉植物、饮料植物、色素植物、鞣质植物、生态植物较少,分别占植物总种数的0.27%~2.66%。In order to strengthen the protection and utilization of wild plant resources in the Yellow River Basin,this paper investigated and analyzed the seed plant resources of Damao Banner by combining field survey and literature review.The results showed that:there were 53 families,193 genera and 376 species of seed plants in Damao Banner,accounting for 45.30%,29.15%and 13.85%of the seed plants in Inner Mongolia,respectively.There were four large families containing more than 20 species:Compositae,Leguminosae,Gramineae,and Chenopodiaceae,and the dominant family was very obvious.The genera were highly differentiated,and the minor genera were very rich,which were the main components of the flora in genera-level.Perennial herbaceous plants were dominant,showing the characteristics of species composition of steppe communities.The number of one-year-old and two-yearold plants was also relatively high,indicating that these plants in this area have adapted to the arid environment of the region.The plants in this area were mainly xerophytes,reflecting the relatively arid climate of the region.The economic plant resources were relatively rich and diverse.There were 117 species of medicinal plants,accounting for 31.12%of the total number of plants in the region.There were 121 species of forage plants,accounting for 32.18%of the total number of plants.There were few ornamental plants,wild vegetable plants,wild fruit plants,timber plants,nectar source plants,fiber plants,pesticide plants,spice plants,oil plants,starch plants,beverage plants,pigment plants,tannins plants,and ecological plants,accounting for 0.27%‒2.66%of the total number of plants.

关 键 词：达茂旗 种子植物 资源 调查 

分 类 号：Q948.5[生物学—植物学]