基于相位生成载波和解包裹技术的湍流相位检测方法研究  

Research on turbulent phase detection method based on phase generated carrier and unwrapping technology

作　　者：童杰 梅海平 任益充 陶志炜 TONG Jie;MEI Haiping;REN Yichong;TAO Zhiwei(Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Optics,Anhui Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics,HFIPS Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031;Science Island Branch,Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province,Hefei 230037,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院安徽光学精密机械研究所,中国科学院大气光学重点实验室,安徽合肥230031 [2]中国科学技术大学研究生院科学岛分院,安徽合肥230026 [3]先进激光技术安徽省研究室,安徽合肥230037

出　　处：《量子电子学报》2025年第2期265-277,共13页Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11904369);中科院合肥物质科学研究院院长基金青年项目(YZJJ2023QN05)。

摘　　要：针对光纤湍流测量技术中湍流随机相位差解调算法存在的相位检测周期性边界问题,从内调制相位载波技术原理及其信号表现形式出发,提出了一种结合相位解包裹技术的大气光学湍流相位差解调算法,称之为相位载波解包裹算法(PGCU)。通过数值模拟,对比分析了该算法与传统微分交叉(DCM)算法在不同条件下的解调误差。仿真结果表明:PGCU算法不仅能够突破检测相位的周期性边界,而且在湍流由强变弱的条件下,其解调误差均值相比DCM算法大幅度降低7~11个数量级,且解调误差与信号幅值、频率均呈正相关趋势;调制频率从2000 Hz提高到7000 Hz,PGCU算法的解调误差最大值减少4个数量级,而DCM算法只能降低8.8%。此外,还提出了动态跟踪调制频率算法来解决调制频率波动带来的误差问题。最后,通过搭建实验平台解调压电陶瓷产生的相位差实验,给出解调相位与测量相位最小相对误差为1.18%,最大相对误差为11.61%,初步验证了PGCU算法的可靠性和精度。该研究通过引入相位解包裹技术,提高了湍流随机相位差检测范围,大幅度降低了解调误差,对光纤湍流测量系统的实际应用有一定的指导意义。Aiming at the periodic boundary problem of phase detection in the existing turbulent random phase difference demodulation algorithms in optical fiber turbulence measurement technology,an atmospheric optical turbulent phase difference demodulation algorithm combined with phase unwrapping technology,called Phase Generated Carrier Unwrapping(PGCU),is proposed in this work based on the principle of internal modulation phase carrier technology and its signal expression.Through numerical simulation,the demodulation errors of the algorithm and the traditional Differential Cross Multiplication(DCM)algorithm under different conditions were compared and analyzed.The simulation results show that the PGCU algorithm can not only break through the periodic boundary of the detection phase,but also significantly reduce the average demodulation error by 7~11 orders of magnitude compared to the DCM algorithm under the condition of turbulence changing from strong to weak.Besides,the demodulation error has a positive correlation with the signal amplitude and frequency.And when the modulation frequency is increased from 2000 Hz to 7000 Hz,the maximum demodulation error of PGCU algorithm is reduced by 4 orders of magnitude,while that of DCM algorithm can only be reduced by 8.8%.In addition,a dynamic tracking modulation frequency algorithm is also proposed to solve the error problem caused by modulation frequency fluctuation.Finally,through the experiment of demodulating the phase difference generated by piezoelectric ceramics,it is found that the minimum relative error between the demodulated phase and the measured phase is 1.18%and the maximum relative error is 11.61%,which preliminarily verifies the reliability and accuracy of the PGCU algorithm.By introducing phase solution wrapping technology,this study has improved the detection range of turbulent random phase difference and greatly reduced the demodulation error,which provides important guidance for the practical application of fiber turbulence measurement systems.

关 键 词：大气光学 大气光学湍流 相位检测方法 相位载波解包裹 随机相位差 

分 类 号：O439[机械工程—光学工程]