K-B-Al体系对磷矿熔融特性及玻璃结构的影响  

Effect of K-B-Al ternary system on the melting characteristics and glass structure of tailings

作　　者：陈仲卿 刘家旭 王艳语[1] 井红权 侯翠红[1] 屈凌波[1] CHEN Zhongqing;LIU Jiaxu;WANG Yanyu;JING Hongquan;HOU Cuihong;QU Lingbo(School of Chemical Engineering,Zhengzhou University,National Research&Development Centre on Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Compound Fertilizer,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化工学院,国家钙镁磷复合肥技术研究推广中心,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《化工学报》2025年第3期1323-1333,共11页CIESC Journal

基　　金：中国工程科技发展战略河南研究院战略咨询研究项目(2023HENYB03);国家磷资源开发利用工程技术研究中心开放基金项目(NECP2022-02)。

摘　　要：为解决磷尾矿的堆积问题,以磷尾矿和低品位磷矿为主要原料,以B_(2)O_(3)、Al_(2)O_(3)、KCl等为助剂,通过热法加工实现磷尾矿及中低品位磷矿的活化并制备玻璃肥料。通过单因素和响应曲面实验探究了K-B-Al体系对磷尾矿体系熔融特性的影响,结合X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)探讨了助剂添加对熔融产物元素活化效果和渣相结构的影响。结果表明,在磷尾矿、低品位磷矿、蛇纹石、KCl、B_(2)O_(3)、Al_(2)O_(3)配比为55∶25∶20∶7∶10∶1.5时,体系熔融流动温度TF最低为1135℃,较常规体系降低335℃。在1350℃时熔融所得玻璃肥料P_(2)O_(5)、CaO、MgO活化率均达到95%左右。分析了熔融温度和助剂对物料玻璃网络结构的影响。在所选工艺条件下B_(2)O_(3)以断裂硅氧网络为主,Al_(2)O_(3)既参与网络组成,也破坏硅氧网络。To solve the problem of phosphate tailings accumulation,this study uses phosphate tailings and low-grade phosphate rock as the main raw materials,B_(2)O_(3),Al_(2)O_(3),KCl and other additives,to activate phosphate tailings and low-grade phosphate ore through thermal processing and prepare glass fertilizer.The influence of K-B-Al system on the melting characteristics of phosphorus tailings system was investigated by single factor and response surface experiments.The influence of additives on the activation effect of elements and slag phase structure of molten products was discussed by combining X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The results show that when the ratio of phosphorus tailings,low-grade phosphate rock,serpentine,KCl,B_(2)O_(3)and Al_(2)O_(3)is 55∶25∶20∶7∶10∶1.5,the lowest melt flow temperature TF of the system is 1135℃,which is 335℃lower than that of the conventional system.The activation rates of P_(2)O_(5),CaO,and MgO in the glass fertilizer melted at 1350℃are all about 95%.The effects of melting temperature and additives on the glass network structure of the material are analyzed.Under the selected process conditions,B_(2)O_(3)mainly breaks the silicon oxygen network,while Al_(2)O_(3)participates in the network composition and also destroys the silicon oxygen network.

关 键 词：磷尾矿 玻璃肥料 硅氧结构 活化 废物处理 优化设计 

分 类 号：TQ126.3[化学工程—无机化工] TQ445.1