喷施多效唑对高秆花叶型工业大麻农艺性状及品质的影响  

Effects of Paclobutrazol Spraying on Agronomic Traits and Quality of High-stalk Industrial Hemp used for Inflorescences and Leaves

作　　者：盖铭璇 郭孟璧[2,4] 赵德胜 杨于平 张园 字雪靖 吕品 杜光辉 陈璇 GAI Mingxuan;GUO Mengbi;ZHAO Desheng;YANG Yuping;ZHANG Yuan;ZI Xuejing;LYU Pin;DU Guanghui;CHEN Xuan(School of Agriculture,Yunnan University,Kunming 650504,Yunnan,China;Industrial Crops Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,Yunnan,China;Chuxiong Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chuxiong 675000,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Herbal Oil Crops,Kunming 650205,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学农学院,云南昆明650504 [2]云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,云南昆明650205 [3]楚雄州彝族自治州农业科学院,云南楚雄675000 [4]云南省草本油料作物遗传改良重点实验室,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2025年第1期45-52,共8页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家麻类产业技术体系育种技术与方法岗位(CARS-16-02);云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”产业创新人才专项(YFGRC202431)。

摘　　要：为探究多效唑喷施时期和浓度对高秆花叶型工业大麻农艺性状及品质的影响,以云麻雌1号为试验材料,设2个喷施时期(S_(1):苗期,S_(2):快速生长初期)和6个喷施浓度处理(0、25、50、100、200、400 mg/L,各浓度依次用C0、C1、C2、C3、C4、C5表示),分析其对工业大麻株高、茎粗、有效分枝数、花叶产量、叶绿素含量和CBD含量等性状的影响。喷施多效唑可以降低工业大麻株高和第一分枝高度,增加植株有效分枝数,且S_(1)时期处理对农艺性状影响更加显著。S_(1)时期喷施多效唑显著减少花叶采收期叶片中的叶绿素含量,而S_(2)时期喷施多效唑(25~200 mg/L)则促进叶片中叶绿素积累,高浓度多效唑(400 mg/L)无论在S_(1)还是S_(2)时期处理均降低叶绿素含量;多效唑喷施对花叶中大麻二酚(Cannabidiol,CBD)含量的影响与叶绿素含量变化趋势一致,即S_(1)时期喷施多效唑减少CBD积累,S_(2)时期喷施适宜浓度(25~100 mg/L)多效唑有利于CBD的积累。喷施适宜浓度的多效唑(25~100 mg/L)还可以增加花叶产量。建议在高秆型工业大麻花叶种植生产时,在快速生长期喷施适宜浓度多效唑,可以起到增加花叶产量和CBD含量、一定程度降低株高和第一分枝高度等效果。To explore the effects of paclobutrazol spraying time and concentration on agronomic traits and quality of high-stalk industrial hemp used for inflorescences and leaves,Yunmaci 1 was used as the experimental material.Two spraying periods(S_(1):seedling stage,S_(2):early stage of rapid growth)and six spraying concentrations(C0:0 mg/L,C1:25 mg/L,C2:50 mg/L,C3:100 mg/L,C4:200 mg/L,C5:400 mg/L)were set up.The effects on plant height,stem diameter,effective branch number,inflorescences and leaves yield,chlorophyll content and CBD content were analyzed.Paclobutrazol-spraying could reduce plant height and first branch height,increase the number of effective branches,and the effect of treatment on agronomic traits at S_(1) stage was more significant.Spraying paclobutrazol at S_(1) stage significantly reduced the chlorophyll content in leaves at the harvest stage,while spraying paclobutrazol(25—200 mg/L)at S_(2) stage promoted the accumulation of chlorophyll in leaves,and the treatment with high concentration paclobutrazol(400 mg/L)decreased the accumulation of chlorophyll in both S_(1) and S_(2) stages.The effect of paclobutrazol-spraying on the content of cannabidiol(CBD)in inflorescences and leaves was consistent with the change trend of chlorophyll,that is,the spray of paclobutrazol in the S_(1) period reduced the accumulation of CBD,and treatment with the appropriate concentration(25—100 mg/L)at S_(2) stage was conducive to the accumulation of CBD.Spraying paclobutrazol with appropriate concentration(25—100 mg/L)can also increase the yield of inflorescences and leaves.It is suggested that spraying paclobutrazol with appropriate concentration(25—100 mg/L)at the rapid growth period can increase the yield and CBD content of inflorescences and leaves,reduce the plant height and the height of the first branch.

关 键 词：工业大麻 多效唑 农艺性状 花叶产量 CBD含量 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]