季铵盐型表面活性剂在砂岩气藏中的气湿反转规律及标度模型  

Gas-wetting alteration laws and scale model of quaternary ammonium salt surfactants in gas reservoirs

作　　者：姚同玉 丛苏男[3,4] 刘卫东[3,4] 崔传智 张俨彬[1,2] YAO Tongyu;CONG Sunan;LIU Weidong;CUI Chuanzhi;ZHANG Yanbin(Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil&Gas Development,Ministry of Education//China University of Petroleum-East China,Qingdao,Shandong 266580,China;School of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum-East China,Qingdao,Shandong 266580,China;PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083 China;State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]非常规油气开发教育部重点实验室·中国石油大学(华东) [2]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院 [3]中国石油勘探开发研究院 [4]提高油气采收率全国重点实验室

出　　处：《天然气工业》2025年第3期123-131,共9页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“化学驱过程中表面活性剂的微观润湿动力学研究”(编号:51204200)。

摘　　要：针对气藏开发过程中因钻采流体侵入、凝析液相析出、水相反渗吸等引起的天然气渗流能力降低、发生液锁等现象,国内外学者进行了大量研究,但是仍然存在防液锁化学剂类型单一且成本高、评价方法尚不清晰等问题。为此,利用云母片接触角测试实验和岩心端面接触角测试实验研究了不同链长季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂在岩石表面的气湿反转规律,利用渗透系数实验对比了气湿反转前后液相渗透系数,建立了防液锁的标度模型,并将模型计算结果与实验结果进行对比验证。研究结果表明:(1)季铵盐型表面活性剂在云母片和岩心表面具有较强的气湿反转能力,相对于十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)和十四烷基三甲基溴化铵(TTAB),十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)气湿反转能力最强,能将水和十二烷在云母片表面的接触角分别从6.0°、6.6°增至83.1°、62.2°,岩心端面的接触角分别从17.6°、19.2°增至93.1°、84.2°;(2)经季铵盐型表面活性剂润湿反转后,液相在岩心中的渗透系数降低,且CTAB降低幅度最大,水相和油相渗透系数分别降低73.7%和69.4%;(3)构建的防液锁的标度模型计算结果表明,经0.05%CTAB处理后,水相和油相渗透系数分别降低72.3%和67.0%,模型结果与实验结果相对误差小于5%。结论认为,研究认识深化了对气湿反转现象的理解,CTAB可有效抑制气藏液锁,构建的标度模型可以评价气湿反转防液锁效果,能为砂岩气藏防液锁、降积液、延长生产周期提供有力指导。In the process of gas reservoir development,drilling fluid invasion,condensate liquid phase precipitation and water reverse imbibition may result in gas seepage capacity reduction and liquid locking.In view of these phenomena,domestic and foreign scholars have conducted extensive researches,but there are still many problems such as single type of antiliquid lock chemical agents,high cost,and undefined evaluation methods.To this end,this paper carries out contact angle testing experiments on mica sheet and core end face to investigate the gas-wetting alteration laws of quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactants with different chain lengths on rock surfaces,and conducts permeability coefficient experiments to compare the liquid permeability coefficients before and after gas-wetting alteration.Based on this,a scale model of liquid locking prevention is established.In addition,the calculation results of the model are compared with the experimental results for verification.The following results are obtained.First,the quaternary ammonium salt surfactants have a strong gas-wetting alteration ability on the surfaces of mica sheet and rock core.Among them,CTAB shows a stronger ability of gas-wetting alteration than DTAB and TTAB,and can increase the contact angle of water and dodecane on the surface of mica sheet from 6.0°and 6.6°to 83.1°and 62.2°,and that on the core end face from 17.6°and 19.2°to 93.1°and 84.2°respectively.Second,after wetting alteration by quaternary ammonium salt surfactants,the permeability coefficient of the liquid phase in the rock core decreases,and CTAB results in the largest decrease,with the permeability coefficients of water phase and oil phase decreased by 72.3%and 69.4%,respectively.Third,the calculation results of the scale model of liquid locking prevention show that after treatment by 0.05%CTAB,the permeability coefficients of water phase and oil phase decrease by 76.3%and 67.0%,respectively,and the relative error between the model result and the experimental result is less tha

关 键 词：季铵盐型表面活性剂 气湿反转 接触角 渗透性 气藏液锁 

分 类 号：TQ423[化学工程] TE39[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]