电厂动力锅炉连接管开裂失效分析  

Failure Analysis of Cracking in Connecting Pipes of Power Plant Boilers

作　　者：周孟 孙健 翟春晓 苏玉虎 曹小刚 Zhou Meng;Sun Jian;Zhai Chunxiao;Su Yuhu;Cao Xiaogang(Zibo Special Equipment Inspection Institute, Zibo 255086)

机构地区：[1]淄博市特种设备检验研究院,淄博255086

出　　处：《中国特种设备安全》2025年第3期29-33,共5页China Special Equipment Safety

摘　　要：电厂动力锅炉连接管作为锅炉的重要承压部件,在发电锅炉运行过程中发挥着关键作用。本文针对某电厂集汽集箱连接管弯管发生严重开裂失效,通过宏观检验分析、化学成分分析、力学性能分析、金相分析以及扫描电镜和能谱分析等试验手段,对开裂原因进行了分析。结果表明:连接管长期在高温高压环境下运行,致使材料组织劣化,硬度和塑性降低,弯管外弧发生高温蠕变失效,致使弯管发生开裂泄漏;锅炉存在超负荷运行情况,也增大了锅炉高温蠕变的速率。The connecting pipe of the power plant boiler,as an important pressure bearing component of the boiler,plays a crucial role in the operation of the power generation boiler.This article focuses on the serious cracking and failure of the connecting pipe bend of the steam header in a certain power plant.Through macroscopic inspection and analysis,chemical composition analysis,mechanical property analysis,metallographic analysis,scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis,and other experimental methods,the cause of the cracking is analyzed.The results show that long-term operation of the connecting pipe in high-temperature and high-pressure environments leads to material degradation,decreased hardness and plasticity,and high-temperature creep failure of the outer arc of the bent pipe,resulting in cracking and leakage of the bent pipe.The overload operation of the boiler also accelerates the rate of high-temperature creep of the boiler.

关 键 词：动力锅炉 弯管 高温蠕变 失效分析 

分 类 号：X933.2[环境科学与工程—安全科学]