代位权诉讼中债务人诉讼地位之省思  

Thoughts on the litigation status of the debtor in subrogation litigation

作　　者：高星阁 肖艳灵 Gao Xingge;Xiao Yanling(Centre for Procedure Law and Judicial Reform,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学诉讼法与司法改革研究中心,重庆401120

出　　处：《辽宁师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期93-103,共11页Journal of Liaoning Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“强制执行法典化背景下股权执行疑难问题研究”(24BFX097);重庆市教委科学技术研究青年项目“区块链等现代科技在一站式涉外商事纠纷解决中的应用研究”(KJQN202300309);西南政法大学校级学生科研创新项目“代位权诉讼中债务人权利保护研究”(2024XZXS-192)。

摘　　要：在我国现行法律框架内,代位权诉讼中债务人的诉讼地位不明,常被视为无独立请求权的第三人,权益保障明显不足。《民法典合同编通则解释》第37条第1款规定债权人未将债务人列为第三人时,法院应当追加债务人为第三人。在此背景下,应当允许债务人作为有独立请求权的第三人参加代位权诉讼,进一步明确债务人的抗辩权、上诉权等诉讼权利,对债务人处分权的限制也应当明确范围,以平衡债务人作为弱势一方的利益。为进一步保障债务人的知情权,应辅以诉讼告知制度作为程序保障,并且与第三人撤销之诉制度进行科学衔接,以达到债权人代位权制度设置的根本目的,同时确保债务人在法律程序中的正当权益得到应有保护。In the current legal framework of China,the status of the debtor in the creditor’s subrogation lawsuit is not clear,and it is often regarded as the third party without independent claim to participate in the litigation,resulting in the protection of their rights and interests in litigation obviously inadequate.Article 37(1)of the interpretation of the general principles of contracts of the civil code stipulates that if the creditor does not list the debtor as a third party,the court should add the debtor as a third party.Under this background,the debtor should be allowed to participate in the subrogation action as the third party with independent claim and the limits on the debtor’s right of disposition should also be clearly defined in order to balance the interests of the debtor as the weak party.In order to further protect the debtor’s right to know,it is suggested to supplement the litigation notification system as the procedural guarantee,and to link up scientifically with the third party revocation action system,so as to achieve the purpose of giving full play to the value of the creditor’s right of subrogation,at the same time to ensure that the debtor’s legitimate rights and interests in legal proceedings should be protected.

关 键 词：代位权诉讼 债务人 诉讼第三人 诉讼告知 

分 类 号：DF728[政治法律—诉讼法学]