高温钠热管间歇沸腾换热特性分析  

Analysis of heat transfer characteristics of geyser boiling in high-temperature sodium heat pipes

作　　者：王岩[1,2] 马誉高 马在勇 潘良明[1,2] 朱隆祥 唐思邈 连强 WANG Yan;MA Yugao;MA Zaiyong;PAN Liangming;ZHU Longxiang;TANG Simiao;LIAN Qiang(Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;Department of Nuclear Engineering and Technology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory,Nuclear Power Institute of China,Chengdu 610213,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学低品位能源与利用技术及系统教育部重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学核工程与核技术系,重庆400044 [3]中国核动力研究设计院核反应堆系统设计技术重点实验室,成都610213

出　　处：《核技术》2025年第3期155-162,共8页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：核反应堆系统设计技术重点实验室稳定支持基金(No.K909002-FWHT-WU-20234162)资助。

摘　　要：热管作为一种将蒸发和冷凝相结合的高效传热元件,被广泛应用于核能和航空航天等领域。热管若发生间歇沸腾将造成温度波动,进而影响整个热管冷却反应堆的安全。针对钠热管在不同充液量的情况下间歇沸腾的换热特性开展实验和理论的研究。实验方面,搭建了高温钠热管加热的实验台,研究了以液态金属钠为工质的热管在不同的液面深度和不同的丝网目数下其蒸发段的换热特性。理论方面,在实验数据的基础上,分析了不同充液量、不同丝网目数的对蒸发段换热系数的影响,并提出了钠热管在单相对流区和间歇沸腾区的蒸发段换热系数的模型。结果表明:热管发生间歇沸腾时,其换热性能要远低于正常运行时的换热性能。[Background]Heat pipes,as highly efficient heat transfer components that combine evaporation and condensation,are widely used in fields such as nuclear energy and aerospace.If geyser boiling occurs in a heat pipe,it will cause temperature fluctuations,thereby affecting the safety of the entire heat pipe stack.[Purpose]This study aims to analyze the heat transfer characteristics of geyser boiling in high-temperature sodium heat pipes.[Methods]Firstly,an experimental platform for high-temperature sodium heat pipe heating was established.Then,the heat transfer characteristics of the evaporation section of a heat pipe using liquid metal sodium as the working fluid were studied at different liquid level depths and various mesh sizes,and the temperature and pressure parameters of the sodium heat pipes under different power conditions were obtained.Subsequently,the variation pattern of the geyser boiling oscillation period with changes in heating power and the trends in the heat transfer coefficient of the evaporation section with variations in liquid pool depth and mesh count were summarized.Finally,based on the experimental data,a model for the heat transfer coefficient of the evaporation section of sodium heat pipe in singlephase convection and geyser boiling regions was proposed.[Results]Experimental results show that the temperature oscillation period is shortened with the increase of heating power.At the end of the heat pipe startup phase,the oscillation amplitude significantly decreases.The new evaporation section heat transfer model shows a maximum error of 21%in the single-phase convection zone and a maximum error of 39%in the intermittent boiling zone.[Conclusions]The results indicate that,within a certain range,the higher the filling ratio and the higher the mesh count of the wire mesh,the better the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe.Additionally,when the heat pipe experiences geyser boiling,its heat transfer performance is significantly lower than that during normal operation.

关 键 词：高温钠热管 间歇沸腾 蒸发段换热系数 换热性能 

分 类 号：TL3[核科学技术—核技术及应用]