我院门诊儿童处方中抗菌药物使用情况分析  

Analysis of the use of antibiotics in outpatient children's prescriptions in our hospital

作　　者：关锦兰 GUAN Jin-lan(Wuzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Wuzhou 543002,China)

机构地区：[1]梧州市妇幼保健院,543002

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2025年第5期144-147,共4页China Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解本院门诊儿童处方中抗菌药物使用情况,为儿童临床合理用药及儿童处方点评模式提供参考。方法随机抽取2022年4~6月与2023年4~6月门诊儿童抗菌药物处方各300例次,分别为354、338张。2023年1月开始在常规开展门急诊处方点评的基础上增加儿童处方的专项点评。对比不同时间抗菌药物使用频率,两种抗菌药物联合使用情况,不同时间抗菌药物处方合理率,抗菌药物不合理处方类型分布情况。结果2023年4~6月抽取的儿童处方中头孢菌素类抗菌药物使用频率37.28%比2022年4~6月的25.99%高,大环内酯类抗菌药物使用频率21.30%比2022年4~6月的31.36%低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2023年4~6月门诊儿童处方开具两种抗菌药物的类别中克林霉素类+青霉素类/头孢菌素类的构成比比2022年4~6月的14.81%低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2023年4~6月点评儿童处方中的抗菌药物处方合理率较2022年4~6月高,但差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。2023年4~6月与2022年4~6月抗菌药物不合理处方中的用法用量不适宜、适应证不适宜、遴选药物不适宜、无适应证用药的构成比对比,差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论本院门诊儿童处方的抗菌药物使用过程中存在不合理使用的现象,需继续加强儿童处方点评,促进抗菌药物的合理使用。Objective To understand the the use of antibiotics in outpatient children's prescriptions in our hospital,and to provide reference for rational drug use in clinic and children's prescription review mode.Methods 300 outpatient children receiving antibiotics were randomly selected from April to June 2022 and April to June 2023,with 354 and 338 prescriptions,respectively.In January 2023,special comments on children's prescriptions will be added on the basis of routine outpatient and emergency prescription comments.Comparison of frequency of antibiotic use at different times,the combined use of two antibiotics,the rational rate of antibiotic prescription at different times,and the distribution of irrational prescription types of antibiotics.Results The use frequency of cephalosporins in children's prescriptions sampled from April to June 2023 was 37.28%,which was higher than 25.99%from April to June 2022;the frequency of macrolides was 21.30%,which was lower than 31.36%from April to June 2022;the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The composition ratio of clindamycin+penicillins/cephalosporins prescribed by outpatient children from April to June 2023 was 0,which was lower than 14.81%from April to June 2022,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The qualified rate of antibiotics in children's prescriptions reviewed from April to June 2023 was higher than that from April to June 2022,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).There was no statistical significance in comparison of composition ratio of inappropriate usage and dosage,inappropriate indications,inappropriate selection of drugs and drug use without indication in irrational prescriptions of antibiotics from April to June 2023 and from April to June 2022(P>0.05).Conclusion There is irrational use of antibiotics in outpatient children's prescriptions in our hospital.It is necessary to strengthen the comments on children's prescriptions and promote the rational use of antibiotics.

关 键 词：儿童处方 抗菌药物 合理用药 门诊 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]