2023年浙江省幼托机构与小学儿童流感疫苗接种率的影响因素分析  

Factors influencing influenza vaccination coverage among kindergarten and primary school children in Zhejiang Province,2023

作　　者：李敏超 陶晶 张瑞 吴雨蒙 贺兆锴 吴晨[6] LI Minchao;TAO Jing;ZHANG Rui;WU Yumeng;HE Zhaokai;WU Chen(Haining Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiaxing,Zhejiang 314400,China;Cixi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315300,China;Jiaojiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taizhou,Zhejiang 317700,China;Jiashan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiaxing,Zhejiang 314100,China;Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310050,China;Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]海宁市疾病预防控制中心,浙江嘉兴314400 [2]慈溪市疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315300 [3]椒江区疾病预防控制中心,浙江台州317700 [4]嘉善县疾病预防控制中心,浙江嘉兴314100 [5]杭州市疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310050 [6]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2025年第1期23-28,共6页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2024KY1414);浙江省海宁市科技计划项目(2022110,2023016)。

摘　　要：【目的】调查浙江省幼托机构与小学儿童2023年流感疫苗接种情况并分析其影响因素,为提高儿童流感疫苗接种效果提供依据。【方法】采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,按照经济水平和地理分布在浙江省抽取小学和幼托机构各10所,对3681名儿童家长进行问卷调查,问卷内容主要包括儿童及家长基本情况,家长对流感、流感疫苗的认知和接种意愿等。【结果】3681名家长中1245名(33.82%)在2023年为儿童接种过流感疫苗。多因素logistic回归显示,家长[调整OR(95%CI)为1.56(1.32~1.84)]和儿童[6.04(5.04~7.27)]曾接种过流感疫苗、家长认为流感疫苗可保护孩子免受严重疾病[1.43(1.19~1.74)]和多数父母会让孩子接种流感疫苗[1.40(1.13~1.74)]均为孩子接种流感疫苗的促成因素;而家长存在疫苗犹豫[0.55(0.43~0.69)]、认为流感就是普通感冒[0.80(0.65~1.00)]均为阻碍因素。【结论】儿童流感疫苗覆盖率不理想,家长和儿童既往流感疫苗接种史、家长对流感及流感疫苗有效性的正确认知均会影响儿童流感疫苗接种情况。[Objective]To investigate the influenza vaccination coverage among kindergarten and primary school children in Zhejiang Province in 2023 and analyze the influencing factors,and to provide the basis for improving the effect of influenza vaccination in children.[Methods]A multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to select 3681 parents of children from 10 primary schools and kindergartens based on economic level and geographical distribution in Zhejiang Province,who participated in an online questionnaire survey,including basic information about the children and their parents,parents’knowledge about influenza,and their willingness to vaccination.[Results]Among the 3681 parents surveyed,33.82%(1245/3681)reported that their children received influenza vaccination in 2023.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that factors contributing to children’s influenza vaccination included both parents[adjusted OR(95%CI):1.56(1.32‒1.84)]and children[6.04(5.04‒7.27)]having a history of influenza vaccination,parents’conviction the influenza vaccine could protect children from severe diseases[1.43(1.19‒1.74)],and the willingness of most parents would let their children get vaccinated[1.40(1.13‒1.74)].In contrast,vaccine hesitancy among parents[0.55(0.43‒0.69)]and the belief that influenza is just a common cold[0.80(0.65‒1.00)]were hindering factors.[Conclusion]The influenza vaccination coverage among children is insufficient.Both the vaccination history of parents and children,as well as parents’correct understanding of influenza and the effectiveness of influenza vaccine,significantly influence the influenza vaccination status in children.Efforts to address vaccine hesitancy and misconceptions about influenza are essential to improve vaccination rates.

关 键 词：流感疫苗 接种率 疑似预防接种异常反应 家长 儿童 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]