Co-phasing method for sparse aperture optical systems based on multichannel fringe tracking  

基于多路条纹跟踪的稀疏孔径光学系统共相方法

作　　者：AN Qi-chang WANG Kun LIU Xin-yue LI Hong-wen ZHU Jia-kang 安其昌;王鹍;刘欣悦;李洪文;朱嘉康(中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林长春130033;中国科学院大学,北京100049;吉林省智能波前传感与控制重点实验室,吉林长春130033)

机构地区：[1]Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130033,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [3]Jilin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Wavefront Sensing and Control,Changchun 130033,China

出　　处：《中国光学(中英文)》2025年第2期401-413,共13页Chinese Optics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.12373090,No.12133009)。

摘　　要：To realize effective co-phasing adjustment in large-aperture sparse-aperture telescopes,a multichannel stripe tracking approach is employed,allowing simultaneous interferometric measurements of multiple optical paths and circumventing the need for pairwise measurements along the mirror boundaries in traditional interferometric methods.This approach enhances detection efficiency and reduces system complexity.Here,the principles of the multibeam interference process and construction of a co-phasing detection module based on direct optical fiber connections were analyzed using wavefront optics theory.Error analysis was conducted on the system surface obtained through multipath interference.Potential applications of the interferometric method were explored.Finally,the principle was verified by experiment,an interferometric fringe contrast better than 0.4 is achieved through flat field calibration and incoherent digital synthesis.The dynamic range of the measurement exceeds 10 times of the center wavelength of the working band(1550 nm).Moreover,a resolution better than one-tenth of the working center wavelength(1550 nm)was achieved.Simultaneous three-beam interference can be achieved,leading to a 50%improvement in detection efficiency.This method can effectively enhance the efficiency of sparse aperture telescope co-phasing,meeting the requirements for observations of 8-10 m telescopes.This study provides a technological foundation for observing distant and faint celestial objects.本文提出采用多通道条纹跟踪方法以实现大口径稀疏孔径望远镜的有效共相调整,该方法允许同时进行多个光路的干涉测量,避免了传统干涉方法中沿镜面边界进行成对测量的需要,从而提高了检测效率并降低了系统复杂性。使用光学波前理论分析了多光束干涉过程的原理和基于光纤直接连接的共相检测模块构造,并对通过多路径干涉获得的系统面型进行了误差分析,探索了干涉方法的潜在应用。最后,通过实验验证实现了原理贯通,通过平场校准和非相干数字合成,实现了优于0.4的干涉条纹对比度,并且动态测量范围优于工作中心波长(1550 nm)的10倍以上,实现了比工作中心波长(1550 nm)更优的分辨率。实现三光束干涉的同时检测效率提高了50%,从而有效提高了稀疏孔径望远镜的共相效率,满足8~10 m望远镜的观测要求,为观察遥远和暗淡的天体提供了技术基础。

关 键 词：stripe tracking wavefront aberration sparse aperture telescope co-phasing adjustment 

分 类 号：TH751[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]