基于FPGA的宽带实时数字边带分离接收机技术研究  

Research on Wideband Real-time Digital Sideband Separation Receiver Technology Based on FPGA

作　　者：杜文龙 陈卯蒸[1,3] 刘艳玲 李健[1,2,3] 闫浩 DU Wen-long;CHEN Mao-zheng;LIU Yan-ling;LI Jian;YAN Hao(Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Microwave Technology,Urumqi 830011)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆天文台,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]新疆微波技术重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《天文学报》2025年第2期86-94,共9页Acta Astronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2205300)资助。

摘　　要：边带分离(Sideband Separating,2SB)接收机可同时实现上边带(Upper Sideband,USB)和下边带信号(Lower Sideband,LSB)的观测,观测效率高且避免了频谱混淆,在宽带复杂天文谱线的观测中具有广泛应用.但由于两路信号传输路径中模拟组件存在不可避免的增益和相位不匹配,导致全模拟边带分离接收机系统的边带抑制率较低.为了尝试解决这个问题,设计搭建了一套基于FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)的宽带实时数字边带分离接收机原型机,利用数字信号处理技术实现了对两路中频信号幅度和相位的实时校准.经实验室测试,该原型机在整个1024 MHz的射频带宽内,边带抑制率达到了30 d B以上,有效地提高了接收机的性能.The sideband separating(2SB)receiver can simultaneously observe upper sideband(USB)and lower sideband(LSB)signals,enhancing observation efficiency and avoiding spectral confusion.It has extensive applications in the observation of broadband complex astronomical spectral lines.However,due to the inevitable gain and phase mismatches in the analog components of the two signal transmission paths,the sideband suppression ratio of an all-analog sideband separating receiver system is relatively low.To solve this problem,a wideband real-time digital sideband separating receiver prototype based on field programmable gate array(FPGA)has been designed and constructed,which utilizes digital signal processing techniques to achieve real-time calibration of the amplitude and phase of the two intermediate frequency signals.Laboratory tests demonstrate that within the entire 1024 MHz radio frequency bandwidth,the prototype achieves a sideband suppression ratio of over 30 dB,effectively enhancing the receiver’s performance.

关 键 词：仪器:射电天文接收机 技术:边带分离 技术:边带校准 方法:数据分析 

分 类 号：P111[天文地球—天文学]