三元活性金属燃料Al/B/Mg和Al/B/MgH2的燃烧特性  

Combustion Characteristics of Ternary Reactive Metal Fuels Al/B/Mg and Al/B/MgH2

作　　者：程志鹏[1] 夏语 罗一民 马腾 徐飞扬 张宇 吴星亮 徐森[1,2] CHENG Zhi-peng;XIA Yu;LUO Yi-min;MA Teng;XU Fei-yang;ZHANG Yu;WU Xing-liang;XU Sen(School of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;China National Quality Supervision Testing Center for Industrial Explosive Materials,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化学与化工学院,江苏南京210094 [2]国家民用爆破器材质量监督检验中心,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《含能材料》2025年第3期246-255,共10页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12272184)。

摘　　要：为探究三元活性金属燃料Al/B/Mg(ABM)和Al/B/MgH2(ABM-H)的燃烧特性,分别利用氧弹量热仪和哈特曼管研究样品的燃烧热与最小点火能,借助高速摄像系统与高速红外摄像系统研究火焰传播亚瞬态过程和温度场域时空分布特性。研究结果表明:ABM、ABM-H的燃烧热值分别为34.1 MJ·kg^(-1)和32.2 MJ·kg^(-1),较纯Al的燃烧热值(29.8 MJ·kg^(-1))分别提高了14.4%和8.1%;ABM、ABM-H和Al的最小点火能量分别在160~170,100~110,20~30 mJ之间;质量浓度为625 g·m^(-3)时,ABM和ABM-H较纯Al燃烧持续时间分别增加了65.5%和34.5%,火焰传播速度峰值分别提升了12.6%和23.0%。质量浓度在500 g·m^(-3)条件下,ABM-H和ABM的火焰传播速度峰值均最大,分别为45.05 m·s^(-1)和38.7 m·s^(-1),火焰表面最高温度峰值分别为1856℃和1717℃,ABM-H较ABM提高了7.6%,同时升温速率更快。可见,ABM和ABM-H配方在显著降低粉尘/空气混合物爆炸危险性的同时,燃烧性能明显提高,且ABM在燃烧热值和燃烧持续时间上表现出更好的热效应,ABM-H在最小点火能量、火焰传播速度和温度上升速率方面表现出更高的反应活性。To investigate the combustion characteristics of ternary active metal fuels Al/B/Mg(ABM)and Al/B/MgH2(ABM-H),the heat of combustion and minimum ignition energy were studied by using an oxygen bomb calorimeter and a Hartmann tube,respectively.The sub-transient process of flame propagation and the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of temperature fields were determined by using a high-speed camera system and a high-speed infrared camera system.The results indicate that the calorific values of ABM and ABM-H are 34.1 and 32.2 MJ·kg^(-1),respectively,exhibiting increases of 14.4%and 8.1%over pure Al(29.8 MJ·kg^(-1)).The minimum ignition energies of ABM,ABM-H,and Al are 160-170,100-110,and 20-30 mJ,respectively.Compared to pure Al,the combustion duration of ABM and ABM-H increase by 65.5%,34.5%and the peak flame propagation velocities increase by 12.6%,23.0%,respectively,at a mass concentration of 625 g·m^(-3).At a mass concentration of 500 g·m^(-3),ABM-H and ABM exhibit the largest peak flame propagation velocities by 45.05,38.7 m·s^(-1),and the maximum temperatures peak of flame surface by 1856,1717℃,respectively,where ABM-H shows a 7.6%improvement on temperatures peak of flame surface and a faster heating-rate compared to ABM.It suggests that the ABM and ABM-H formulations significantly reduce the explosion risk of the dust/air mixture,and significantly improving the combustion performance.ABM demonstrates superior thermal effects in calorific value and duration of combustion,whereas ABM-H exhibits higher reactivity in terms of minimum ignition energy,flame propagation speed,and temperature rise rate.

关 键 词：三元活性金属燃料 最小点火能 火焰传播特性 温度场分布 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]