3D打印技术在固体推进剂装药制造中的应用与展望  

3D Printing Technology in the Manufacturing of Solid Propellant Grain:A review of Applications and Prospects

作　　者：宋仕雄 任全彬[1,2] 王嘉炜 庞爱民 唐敏[2] SONG Shi-xiong;REN Quan-bin;WANG Jia-wei;PANG Ai-min;TANG Min(School of Astronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China;Academey of Aerospace Solid Propulsion Technology,Xi'an 710025,China;The Institute of Xi'an Aerospace Solid Propulsion Technology,Xi'an 710025,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航天学院,陕西西安710072 [2]航天动力技术研究院,陕西西安710025 [3]西安航天动力技术研究所,陕西西安710025

出　　处：《含能材料》2025年第3期304-315,共12页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2022YFB4603100)。

摘　　要：3D打印技术具有无模具、多材料、柔性化等特点,可以为单室多推力、多脉冲式等固体火箭发动机所需的特殊结构固体推进剂装药成型提供新的技术途径。当前,围绕固体推进剂的3D打印,国内外均开展了相关研究。本文重点介绍了粘合剂喷射、光聚合固化和材料挤出成形等典型3D打印工艺在复杂结构、梯度化结构、多材料一体化固体推进剂装药制造中的应用,总结了上述3种典型结构在3D打印装药制造中存在的关键问题。对未来的研究方向进行了展望,强调了针对未来异形异质固体推进剂装药制造需求,需重点关注低感度专用固体推进剂材料、大型药柱3D打印装备及绝热包覆打印技术等。3D printing technology has the characteristics of customization,mold free,and flexibility,which can provide an effective approach for the shaping of special structure solid propellant grains in multi-thrust or multi-pulse solid rocket motors.At present,research on 3D printing of solid propellant grain has been conducted both domestically and internationally.This article focuses on the application of typical 3D printing processes such as binder jetting,photopolymerization curing,and material extrusion in the formation of heterogeneous solid propellant grains with contained complex structures,gradients,and multi material integration.It summarizes the key issues that exist in the 3D printing of these three types of solid propellant grains.The future research directions were prospected,and it was emphasized that the future manufacturing of heterogeneous solid propellant grains should focus on low sensitivity specialized solid propellant slurries,printing equipment for large grain forming,and insulation coating printing technology.

关 键 词：固体火箭发动机 固体推进剂 3D打印 异形异质 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] V435[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]