乌鲁木齐采暖期大气污染物浓度变化特征及潜在污染源分析  

Characteristics of Changes in Air Pollutant Concentrations and Analysis of Potential Pollution Sources during the Heating Period in Urumqi

作　　者：席明月 陈学刚[1,2,3] 刘宏宇 赵刚 XI Mingyue;CHEN Xuegang;LIU Hongyu;ZHAO Gang(School of Geographical Science and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830054,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Zone,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830054,China;Xinjiang Urumqi Urban Ecosystem National Research Station,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [3]新疆乌鲁木齐城市生态系统国家定位观测研究站,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《环境监控与预警》2025年第2期112-120,共9页Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2022D01A212);国家自然科学基金项目(41861033)。

摘　　要：利用乌鲁木齐市2018—2022年采暖期的大气环境监测数据和气象数据,分析了细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))、可吸入颗粒物(PM_(10))、二氧化氮(NO_(2))、二氧化硫(SO_(2))、臭氧(O_(3))和一氧化碳(CO)6种典型大气污染物的时空分布特征,将主要污染物PM_(2.5)与混合单粒子拉格朗日综合轨迹(HYSPLIT)模型相结合,采用后向轨迹聚类分析、潜在源贡献因子(PSCF)分析和浓度权重轨迹(CWT)方法,揭示了乌鲁木齐市PM_(2.5)的潜在源区分布及其贡献特性。结果表明,在2018—2022年采暖期,ρ(SO_(2))和ρ(CO)各阶段均未超出《环境空气质量标准》(GB 3095—2012)中的24 h标准限值(150μg/m^(3)和4 mg/m^(3)),ρ(O_(3))未超过O_(3)日最大8 h平均质量浓度限值(160μg/m^(3)),而PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)和NO_(2)的浓度仍处于较高水平;位于重工业聚集区并远离市中心的米东区环保局和新疆农科院农场2个监测站点的大气污染物(除了NO_(2))浓度远高于其他站点;监测站和铁路局点位处于交通密集区,因此其ρ(NO_(2))最高;乌鲁木齐市PM_(2.5)的污染主要受到偏西方向的传输影响,短距离输送影响较大;PM_(2.5)的潜在污染源区主要集中于乌鲁木齐市本地及其西部沿天山山脉北部。Using the atmospheric environmental monitoring data and meteorological data during the 2018—2022 heating period in Urumqi,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of six typical air pollutants,namely fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)),respirable particulate matter(PM_(10)),nitrogen dioxide(NO_2),sulfur dioxide(SO_2),ozone(O_3),and carbon monoxide(CO) were analyzed by combining the PM_(2.5),the main pollutant,with the hybrid single-particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory(HYSPLIT) model.The backward trajectory clustering analysis,potential source contribution factor(PSCF) analysis,and concentration-weighted trajectory(CWT) methods were used to reveal the distribution of the potential source areas of PM_(2.5) and its contribution characteristics in Urumqi City.The results showed that during the 2018—2022 heating period,ρ(SO_2) and ρ(CO) did not exceed the 24 h standard limits(150 μg/m^(3) and 4 mg/m^(3)) set by the Ambient Air Quality Standard(GB 3095—2012) in all phases,and ρ(O_3) did not exceed the daily maximum 8-h average limit(160 μg/m^(3)),while the concentrations of PM_(2.5),PM_(10) and NO_(2) were still at high levels.The concentrations of air pollutants(except NO_2) were much higher at the two monitoring stations,the Environmental Protection Bureau of Midong District and the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Farm,which are located in heavy industrial clusters far away from the city center,than at the other stations.The monitoring station and the Railway Bureau sites were in a heavily trafficked area and,therefore,had the highest ρ(NO_2).The pollution of PM_(2.5) in Urumqi mainly comes from westward transmission,highly affected by short-range transport;the potential source areas of PM_(2.5) are mainly concentrated locally in Urumqi and to its west along the northern part of the Tianshan mountain range.

关 键 词：大气污染物 浓度特征 潜在源区 采暖期 乌鲁木齐 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]