阜新市大气污染特征及气象因子影响分析  

Analysis of Air Pollution Characteristics and Influence of Meteorological Factors in Fuxin

作　　者：张旭 赵胡笳[2] 白佳宁 张上武 舒海燕 孙可 ZHANG Xu;ZHAO Hujia;BAI Jianing;ZHANG Shangwu;SHU Haiyan;SUN Ke(Fuxin Meteorological Service,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000,China;Institute of Atmospheric Environment,China Meteorological Administration,Shenyang,Liaoning 110166,China;Fuxin Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000,China)

机构地区：[1]阜新市气象局,辽宁阜新123000 [2]中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所,辽宁沈阳110166 [3]阜新市生态环境监测中心,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《环境监控与预警》2025年第2期121-128,共8页Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42175185);辽宁省气象局科学技术研究课题项目(ZD202330)。

摘　　要：利用2016—2020年阜新市大气污染物浓度和空气质量指数,分析其空气质量变化特征及其与气象因子的相关性。结果表明:2016—2020年阜新市细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))和可吸入颗粒物(PM_(10))污染日数逐年减少,臭氧(O_(3))污染加剧。与2016年相比,2020年重度以上污染天数比例减少0.3%,优良天数比例下降5.2%。阜新市空气质量秋季最好,夏季首要污染物为O_(3),秋、冬季污染物以PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)为主。皮尔森(Pearson)相关性分析结果表明,PM_(2.5)与风速呈负相关(-0.055),冬季PM_(2.5)与气压呈负相关,相关系数最大,为-0.260;反之,相对湿度在冬季与PM_(2.5)呈显著正相关,相关系数最大(0.553)。与PM_(2.5)不同,气温是影响O_(3)质量浓度的主要气象因子,春季O_(3)与气温呈正相关,相关系数最大,为0.635。降雨日污染物浓度随降雨量增大呈不同程度地减小,污染物浓度在小雨量级达到最高。研究结果对于研究阜新市大气污染状况和气象条件的相互关系具有重要意义,同时,风速、气温、气压和相对湿度等关键气象因子及其阈值变化能够为本地环境预报提供科学参考。Based on the air pollutant concentration and AQI of Fuxin from 2016 to 2020,the variation in air quality and its correlation with meteorological factors were analyzed.The results showed that the number of days with fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)) and inhalable particulate matter(PM_(10)) pollution in Fuxin decreased year by year,and ozone(O_(3)) pollution intensified from 2016 to 2020.Compared with 2016,the proportion of days with heavy pollution in 2020 has decreased by 0.3%,and the proportion of good days has decreased by 5.2%.The AQI of Fuxin is the best in autumn,with O_(3) being the main pollutant in summer,and PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) dominating in autumn and winter.Pearson correlation analysis showed that PM_(2.5) was negatively correlated with wind speed(-0.055),and that PM_(2.5) was negatively correlated with air pressure in winter,with the maximum correlation coefficient being-0.260.In contrast,the relative humidity(RH) was significantly positively correlated with PM_(2.5) in winter,with a maximum correlation coefficient of 0.553.Different from PM_(2.5),temperature is the main meteorological factor affecting O_(3),and the correlation coefficient between ozone and temperature in spring is 0.635.The concentration of pollutants decreased with the increase in rainfall,with the highest concentration of pollutants observed at light rain level.The above-mentioned results are of great value to the research on the mutual relationship between the atmospheric pollution situation and the meteorological conditions in Fuxin City.Meanwhile,the changes in key meteorological factors such as wind speed,temperature,air pressure,RH,and their thresholds can provide scientific references for the application of environmental forecasting in Fuxin.

关 键 词：大气污染物 空气质量 气象因子 相关性 阜新市 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]