重庆市北碚区重点职业病监测企业粉尘中游离SiO_(2)含量调查  

Survey on free silica content in dust of key occupational disease monitoringenterprises in Beibei District,Chongqing,China

作　　者：李春恒 杨联伟[1] 邱衍伦 杨瑞 张腾涛 LI Chunheng;YANG Lianwei;QIU Yanlun;YANG Rui;ZHANG Tengtao(Department of Physical and Chemical Laboratory,Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beibei District,Chongqing 400700,China;School of Mathematics and Statistics,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Department of Occupational Health,Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beibei District,Chongqing 400700,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市北碚区疾病预防控制中心理化检验科,重庆400700 [2]西南大学数学与统计学院,重庆400715 [3]重庆市北碚区疾病预防控制中心职业卫生科,重庆400700

出　　处：《现代医药卫生》2025年第3期736-738,共3页Journal of Modern Medicine & Health

基　　金：2023年重庆市公共卫生重点专科(学科)建设项目(渝卫办发[2022]71号)。

摘　　要：目的 了解重庆市北碚区不同类型生产加工企业粉尘中游离SiO_(2)含量,为职业性矽肺防控提供参考依据。方法 采集2020—2023年该区7个行业75家职业病重点监测单位工作场所空气中呼吸带高度的沉降尘作为样本,共收集244个监测岗位的沉降尘样本,并采用焦磷酸法检测。结果 所有粉尘中游离SiO_(2)含量最高为94.87%,最低为1.32%;其M(P_(25),P_(75))为45.18%(16.25%~63.64%)。其中游离SiO_(2)含量≥10%的矽尘检出217份(占88.93%);游离SiO_(2)含量<10%的其他粉尘检出27份(占11.07%)。7类行业样品测量分析结果显示,游离SiO_(2)含量较高的5个依次是覆膜砂制造、金属铸造、玻璃制品、石材加工和砖瓦生产行业。结论 应加强对覆膜砂生产、金属铸造、玻璃制品、石材加工和砖瓦生产这5个行业的监管,督促企业采取科学的除尘措施,督导涉尘岗位工人佩戴防尘护具,降低矽肺的发病率。Objective To understand the content of free silica in dust of different types of production and processing enterprises in Beibei District of Chongqing,and provide reference for the prevention and control of occupational disease silicosis.Methods Sedimentary dust at the height of the respiratory zone in the air in the workplace of 75 key occupational disease monitoring units in 7 industries in the region from 2020 to 2023 was collected as samples,and a total of 244 monitoring positions were collected and detected by pyrophosphoric acid method.Results The highest content of free SiO_(2) in all dusts was 94.87%,and the lowest was 1.32%;M(P_(25),P_(75))was 45.18%(16.25%-63.64%).Among them,217 silica dust with free SiO_(2) content≥10%were detected(88.93%).Other dusts with free SiO_(2) content<10%were detected in 27 samples(11.07%).In 7 categories of industry sample measurement analysis results show that the higher content of free SiO_(2) 5 in turn is coated sand manufacturing,metal casting,glass products,stone processing and tile production industry.Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the supervision of the five industries of coated sand production,metal casting,glass products,stone processing and tile production,urge enterprises to take scientific dust removal measures,and supervise workers in dust-related positions to wear dust protective gear to reduce the incidence of silicosis.

关 键 词：粉尘 矽尘 游离二氧化硅含量 职业病 矽肺 北碚区 

分 类 号：R967[医药卫生—药理学]