Al、Ti、Zr及B元素对Fe-36%Ni因瓦合金热膨胀系数和力学性能的影响  

Effects of Al,Ti,Zr and B elements on the thermal expansion coefficient and mechanical properties of Fe-36%Ni Invar alloy

作　　者：朱银存 史传鑫 田玉新 ZHU Yincun;SHI Chuanxin;TIAN Yuxin(Technology center,Baowu Special Metallurgy Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200940,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]宝武特种冶金有限公司技术中心,上海200940 [2]上海大学材料科学与工程学院,上海200444

出　　处：《模具技术》2025年第1期11-18,共8页Die and Mould Technology

摘　　要：Fe-36%Ni因瓦合金在冶炼过程中,由于原材料纯度或者脱氧处理工艺等原因,熔炼后的合金中存在Al、Ti、Zr、B等残余元素,其含量对合金的热膨胀系数TEC以及力学性能具有一定影响。结合Fe-36%Ni合金实际情况确定各残余元素含量取值范围,采用高真空电弧熔炼吸铸技术严格控制目标元素含量,并通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及能谱仪(EDS)对合金微观组织进行分析。结果表明:Al、Ti及Zr会明显增加Fe-36%Ni合金的热膨胀系数,并导致居里温度降低。而B的存在会使中温(30~200℃)及高温(30~300℃)区间的热膨胀系数先升高后降低,并伴随居里温度的升高,这意味着B元素通过提高居里温度来维持磁致伸缩现象,进而维持Fe-36%Ni合金较低的热膨胀系数。力学性能方面,Zr及B的加入对Fe-36%Ni合金维氏硬度的提升大于Al及Ti元素。研究结果揭示了不同含量的Al、Ti、Zr、B残余元素对热膨胀系数及维氏硬度的单一作用关系以及相应的作用机理,为Fe-36%Ni的实际生产提供参考。During the smelting process of Fe-36%Ni Invar alloy,due to the purity of raw materials or deoxidation treatment processes,residual elements such as Al,Ti,Zr,and B are mixed in the melted alloy.The content of such elements has a certain impact on the thermal expansion coefficient(TEC)and mechanical properties of the alloy.This study determines the range of residual element content based on the practical production of Fe-36%Ni alloy,strictly controls the target element content by using high vacuum arc melting and suction casting technology,and analyzes the microstructure of the corresponding alloy using scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS).The results indicate that Al,Ti,and Zr elements significantly increase the TEC,while the Curie temperature decreases.In contrast,with the addition of B element content,in the medium temperature(30-200℃)and high temperature(30-300℃)ranges,the TEC shows a trend of increasing at first and then decreasing,accompanied by an increase in Curie temperature,which implies that B element maintains the magnetostriction phenomenon by increasing the Curie temperature,thereby maintaining the lower TEC of Fe-36%Ni alloy.In terms of mechanical properties,adding Zr and B elements improves the Vickers hardness more significantly than adding Al and Ti elements.This study reveals the individual effect and corresponding mechanism of Al,Ti,Zr,and B residual elements with different concentrations on the TEC and Vickers hardness,providing a reference for the practical production of Fe-36%Ni.

关 键 词：Fe-36%Ni因瓦合金 磁致伸缩 热膨胀系数(TEC) 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]