回收炭渣电解质的热力学和旋风燃烧实验研究  

Thermodynamic and Cyclone Combustion Experimental Research on Electrolytes Recovery from Carbon Anode Slag

作　　者：郭小惠[1] 赵娜 伍永福[2] 王日昕[3] GUO Xiaohui;ZHAO Na;WU Yongfu;WANG Rixin(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Science&Technology,Baotou 014010,China;School of Energy and Environment,Inner Mongolia University of Science&Technology,Baotou 014010,China;Institute of Applied Physics,Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang 330000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学化学与化工学院,内蒙古包头014010 [2]内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院,内蒙古包头014010 [3]江西省科学院应用物理研究所,南昌330000

出　　处：《有色金属(中英文)》2025年第2期248-254,共7页Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费(2023QNJS051,2024RCTD008);内蒙古自然科学基金(2022LHMS05004)。

摘　　要：从电解铝阳极炭渣中高效回收电解质,对于电解铝工业的可持续发展、电解质资源高效利用以及环境保护具有重要意义。然而,在回收过程中,同时确保炭和电解质的高效分离及高纯度回收,仍是一项极具挑战性的技术难题。提出低温燃烧策略,采用旋风燃烧技术回收炭渣中电解质,并结合电解质热力学相图分析,实现了炭渣低温燃烧回收电解质。热力学相图计算表明,在富氧区、炭渣燃烧温度可以提高到900℃。燃烧实验表明,温度为830℃时、电解质回收率和炭燃烧率分别可达82.4%和32.03%,有望实现废渣零排放,高效回收电解质。The efficient recovery of electrolytes from carbon anode slag in the electrolytic aluminum process is of paramount significance for the sustainable development of the electrolytic aluminum industry,optimal use of electrolyte resources,and environmental protection.However,ensuring the simultaneous high-efficiency separation and high-purity recovery of carbon and electrolytes during the recovery process remains a technically challenging endeavor.This paper proposed a low-temperature combustion strategy,leveraging cyclone combustion technology for electrolyte recovery from carbon anode slag,combined with thermodynamic phase diagram analysis,to recover electrolytes from carbon anode slag efficiently at lower temperatures.Thermodynamic phase diagram calculations indicate that in an oxygen-rich condition,the combustion temperature of carbon anode slag can be elevated to 900℃.Combustion experiments reveal that at 830.0℃,the electrolyte recovery efficiency reached 82.4%,and the carbon combustion efficiency is 32.03%,potentially enabling zero waste discharge and highly efficient electrolyte recovery.

关 键 词：阳极炭渣 旋风燃烧器 热力学相图 电解质 

分 类 号：TF821[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]