荒漠与草原交错区两类“土壤水库”的发生与判别研究  

Study on the occurrence and discrimination of two types of“soil reservoirs”in the ecotone between desert and grassland

作　　者：王恩田 王磊 陈林[1,2,3] 杨新国 WANG Entian;WANG Lei;CHEN Lin;YANG Xinguo(Key Laboratory of Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystems in Northwest China Ministry of Education,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;Cultivation Base of the State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China of Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;College of Ecology and Environment,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地,宁夏银川750021 [3]宁夏大学生态环境学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《水利水电技术(中英文)》2025年第2期115-124,共10页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：宁夏重点研发计划项目(2021BEG02013);宁夏科技创新领军人才项目(2021GKLRLX13);国家自然科学基金项目(32060313)。

摘　　要：【目的】引入“土壤水库”分析范式,判别归纳荒漠与草业交错区土壤水库发生的性质和类型,为区域土壤水资源工程化管理及其在生态修复中的应用提供依据。【方法】基于区域尺度土壤质地和土壤含水量的分布规律及其关系拟合,以0~200 cm土壤剖面上发生水分相对富集的深度和范围为依据,提出并解析了荒漠与草原交错区(宁夏中部)“特征性土壤水库”和“一般性土壤水库”的概念与内涵。【结果】结果表明:(1)在区域尺度上,0~20 cm、20~60 cm、60~140 cm、140~200 cm分层土壤含水量与0~30 cm土层土壤砂粒含量之间普遍呈负线性回归关系,其中20~60 cm土壤含水量与0~30 cm土壤砂粒含量之间的线性关系最为显著(R^(2)=-0.23,P≤0.05)。(2)以土壤含水量高低和变异系数为指示,特征性土壤水库发生的土壤剖面特征性深度表现为20~140 cm(沙化组)和20~60 cm(壤土组),砂土组在0~200 cm土层内不存在发生位置确定的“特征性土壤水库”。(3)20~60 cm土层土壤含水量与表层土壤砂粒含量的空间分布呈旋转对应关系,并与研究区多年平均等降水量线的分布潜在吻合,凸显其区域“一般性土壤水库”的指示意义。【结论】土壤质地是决定局域土壤水分相对富集程度和位置(即土壤水库发生)的关键因素;在区域尺度上降水和土壤质地共同决定了土壤水库的发生。旱区自然生态系统土壤水库的发生本质上就是以土壤为介质的降水再分配过程,表现为土壤垂直剖面某一位置上更高且相对稳定的含水量,起着对旱区不确定性降水资源的涵养调节功能。[Objective]By introducing the“soil reservoir”analysis paradigm,the nature and types of soil reservoirs in the ecotone between desert and grassland were identified and summarized,which provided a basis for the engineering management of regional soil water resources and its application in ecological restoration.[Methods]Based on the distribution law and relationship between soil texture and soil water content at the regional scale,the concepts and connotations of“characteristic soil reservoirs”and“general soil reservoirs”in the desert-grassland ecotone(central Ningxia)were proposed and analyzed based on the depth and range of relative water enrichment in the soil profile from 0 to 200 cm.[Results]The result shows that:(1)At the regional scale,there is a negative linear regression relationship between the soil moisture content of 0~20 cm,20~60 cm,60~140 cm and 140~200 cm and the soil sand content of 0~30 cm soil layer,and the linear relationship between soil moisture content of 20~60 cm and soil sand content of 0~30 cm is the most significant(R^(2)=-0.23,P≤0.05).(2)Indicated by the soil water content and the coefficient of variation,the characteristic depth of the soil profile of the characteristic soil reservoir is 20~140 cm(desertification group)and 20~60 cm(loam group),and there is no“characteristic soil reservoir”with a fixed location in the 0~200 cm soil layer of the sandy soil group.(3)The spatial distribution of soil moisture content and surface soil sand content in the 20~60 cm soil layer shows a rotational correspondence,which is potentially consistent with the distribution of the multi-year average isoprecipitation line in the study area,highlighting the indicative significance of“general soil reservoir”in the region.[Conclusion]Soil texture is the key factor to determine the relative enrichment degree and location of local soil moisture,that is,the occurrence of soil reservoirs.Precipitation and soil texture jointly determine the occurrence of soil reservoirs on a regional scale.The

关 键 词：荒漠与草原交错区 土壤质地 土壤水资源 特征性土壤水库 一般性土壤水库 影响因素 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]