某水电站闸墩流激振动原型观测研究  

Study on prototype observation of fluid induced vibration of sluice pier of a hydropower station

作　　者：熊珅 陆雍容 张晶晶 XIONG Shen;LU Yongrong;ZHANG Jingjing(Shanghai Investigation,Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200080,China)

机构地区：[1]上海勘测设计研究院有限公司,上海200080

出　　处：《水利水电技术(中英文)》2025年第2期158-167,共10页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022101);三峡集团上海院科研项目(2021SD(8)-001)。

摘　　要：【目的】高速水流作用产生的紊动水流容易引起闸墩等水工建筑物流激振动问题,当结构振动剧烈或引起结构共振时,会严重威胁工程的运行安全,甚至造成结构破坏。以某水电站溢洪道为例,研究在高速水流作用下某水电站闸墩的振动特性,分析影响闸墩振动因素,给工程安全运行提供安全保障。【方法】通过现场试验中逐步开启左右闸门形成单孔、双孔联合运行等工况形成高速水流,监测在各工况下闸墩的振动情况,总结在高速水流作用下闸墩的振动特征。【结果】监测数据表明,总体上在两孔闸门同时打开的运行工况下闸墩振动较大,但右闸门单独打开时出现最大水平振动峰峰值244.37μm,最大位移水平标准差值为60.89μm,最大脉动压力均方根值为1.84×9.8 kPa。【结论】结果表明:在高速水流作用下闸墩振动会随着闸门开度增大而增大,在同一水平方向上,闸墩振动沿顺水流方向逐渐增大,在同一竖直方向上,闸墩越靠近顶部振动作用越明显。主要是因为闸门逐渐开启,水流流速增大,水流流态紊乱,容易形成脉动压力,导致流激振动问题,闸墩端部约束较少,振动最大。同时闸墩的振动不仅受泄洪闸泄洪流量大小影响,还与下游水位、水流流态、以及闸门单、多孔运行方式等多方面因素有关,并非大流量工况为控制工况。[Objective]Turbulent water flow caused by high-speed water flow is easy to cause the problem of induced vibration of hydraulic structures such as sluice pier.When the structural vibration is severe or the structural resonance is caused,it will seriously threaten the operation safety of the project and even cause structural damage.The spillway of a hydropower station was taken as an example to study the vibration characteristics of gate pier under the action of high-speed water flow,analyze the factors affecting the vibration of gate pier,and provide safety guarantee for the safe operation of the project,[Methods]Through the field test,the left and right gates are gradually opened to form a single hole,a double hole joint operation and other conditions to form high-speed water flow,and monitors the vibration of gate pier under each condition were tested.The vibration characteristics of the pier under the action of high speed water flow are summarized.[Results]The monitoring data show that the pier vibration is larger in general when the two gates are opened at the same time,but when the right gate is opened alone,the maximum horizontal vibration peak value is 244.37μm and the standard deviation of the maximum displacement level is 60.89μm.The maximum ripple pressure root mean square value is 1.84×9.8 kPa.[Conclusion]Under the action of high speed water flow,the vibration of gate pier will increase with the increase of gate opening.In the same horizontal direction,the vibration of gate pier will increase gradually along the direction of downstream flow.In the same vertical direction,the vibration effect is more obvious when the pier is closer to the top.The main reason is that the gate is gradually opened,the flow velocity increases,the flow pattern is disturbed,and the pulsating pressure is easy to form,resulting in flow-induced vibration problems,and the end of the pier is less constrained and the vibration is the largest.At the same time,the vibration of the pier is not only affected by the discharge volume o

关 键 词：高速水流 闸墩 振动 规律 流量 水力特性 影响因素 

分 类 号：TV7[水利工程—水利水电工程]