4D打印PLA和CF/PLA蜂窝结构参数对形状记忆性能的影响  

Effects of 4D printing PLA and CF/PLA honeycomb structure parameters on shape memory performance

作　　者：张宪超 刘少岗[1] 王鹏飞 王心悦 邱丹丹 ZHANG Xianchao;LIU Shaogang;WANG Pengfei;WANG Xinyue;QIU Dandan(Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On-line Monitoring for Light Industry&Food Machinery and Equipment,School of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学机械工程学院,轻工与食品工程机械装备集成设计与在线监控重点实验室,天津300457

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2025年第3期112-117,126,共7页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金项目(23JCYBJC00900,18JCQNJC05200)。

摘　　要：随着3D打印技术的完善及其与智能材料和智能结构的合理结合,4D打印技术快速发展,4D打印形状记忆聚合物智能结构已成为工程研究的前沿。其中,蜂窝结构以其轻质高强、隔热缓冲等优势,广泛应用于航空航天、建筑、汽车等领域。将蜂窝机械结构与熔融沉积成型(FDM)3D打印工艺相结合,通过4D打印制备聚乳酸(PLA)以及碳纤维增强聚乳酸(CF/PLA)蜂窝结构样件,对样件实施弯曲变形,探索蜂窝结构参数对两种样件形状记忆性能的影响。结果表明,样件弯曲变形时,应力施加在蜂窝结构的不同位置会使形状恢复率相差约8%,形状恢复时间相差8~10 s;随着蜂窝结构胞元壁厚的降低,形状恢复率逐渐增大,形状恢复时间逐渐减少;弯曲变形程度的增大导致形状恢复率降低,形状恢复时间增加;随蜂窝胞元角度增加,形状恢复率先升高后降低,形状恢复时间先减少后增加,且当胞元角度为60°时形状恢复性能最好;在相同条件下PLA的形状恢复率比CF/PLA更高,但CF/PLA形状恢复时间相较于PLA更短。上述结果为进一步探索PLA蜂窝智能结构与3D打印技术的结合以及PLA材料4D打印的深入研究提供一定的借鉴。With the improvement of 3D printing technology and the reasonable combination of the 3D printing with intelligent materials and structures,4D printing technology develops rapidly,and shape memory polymer intelligent structures with 4D printing become the frontier of engineering research.In these structures,honeycomb structures are widely used in aerospace,construction,automotive and other fields due to their advantages such as lightweight,high strength,thermal insulation and cushioning.Combining the honeycomb mechanical structure with fused deposition modeling(FDM)3D printing process,polylactic acid(PLA)and carbon fiber reinforced polylactic acid(CF/PLA)samples with honeycomb structure were prepared by 4D printing,the effects of honeycomb structure parameters on the shape memory performances of the two samples were explored through bending the samples.The results show that,during the bending deformation of the samples,the application of stress to different positions of the honeycomb structure results in a difference of approximately 8%in the shape recovery rate and a shape recovery time discrepancy of 8-10 s.With the decrease of the wall thickness of honeycomb unit cell,the shape recovery rate gradually increases and shape recovery time decreases gradually.The increase in the degree of bending deformation leads to a decrease in the shape recovery rate and increase in the shape recovery time.With the increase of the cell angle,the shape recovery rate first increases and then decreases,and the shape recovery time first decreases and then increases,and the shape recovery performances are the best when the cell angle is 60°.Under the same conditions,the shape recovery rate of PLA is higher than that of CF/PLA,but the shape recovery time of CF/PLA is shorter than that of PLA.Above-mentioned results provide certain reference for further exploring the combination of PLA honeycomb intelligent structures and 3D printing technology,and future research on 4D printing.

关 键 词：4D打印 蜂窝结构 聚乳酸 碳纤维增强聚乳酸 形状记忆 形状恢复率 

分 类 号：TQ322.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]