半芳香族聚酰胺PA6I/6T熔纺纤维的制备与性能  

Preparation and properties of semi aromatic polyamide PA6I/6T melt spun fibers

作　　者：杨锐 张须臻[1,2] YANG Rui;ZHANG Xuzhen(School of Materials Science&Engineering,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Modern Textile Technology Innovation Center(Jianhu Laboratory),Shaoxing 312000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学材料科学与工程学院,杭州310018 [2]现代纺织技术创新中心(鉴湖实验室),浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2025年第3期118-126,共9页Engineering Plastics Application

摘　　要：为拓展工程塑料半芳香族聚酰胺的应用,以半芳香族聚酰胺聚间苯二甲酰己二胺-对苯二甲酰己二胺(PA6I/6T)切片为原料,首先对切片的化学结构、熔体流动性能和热性能进行了测试,然后使用卧式微量单孔挤出机,在不同纺丝温度和不同喷头牵伸比下纺丝,并分别对PA6I/6T初生纤维进行牵伸和热处理,探讨了纺丝工艺和后处理工艺参数对PA6I/6T熔纺纤维断裂强度的影响。结果表明,PA6I/6T的相对黏度为2.12(以浓硫酸为溶剂),初始分解温度为463℃,在265℃下测试的熔体流动速率达到18.2 g/10 min,6I与6T结构单元物质的量比为1.8。PA6I/6T适宜的纺丝温度在265℃附近,纤维的断裂强度随着喷头牵伸比的提高而上升,当喷头牵伸比从23.2提高到116时,断裂强度由1.02 cN/dtex上升到2.04 cN/dtex。在热处理过程中,纤维的断裂强度随热处理温度上升呈现先上升后下降的趋势,在115℃热处理后达到最大值1.46 cN/dtex。在135℃下对纤维进行热牵伸可以得到均匀的透明纤维,在一级牵伸过程中,纤维的断裂强度随牵伸倍数的变化发生波动,最高可达到0.95 cN/dtex,在二级牵伸过程中,纤维的断裂强度下降,而断裂伸长率明显降低。To expand the application of engineering plastics semi aromatic polyamide,using semi aromatic polyamide poly(hexamethylene isophthalamide-co-terephthalamide)(PA6I/6T)chips as raw materials,the chemical structure,melt flow and thermal properties of the chips were firstly tested.Then a horizontal micro single hole extruder was used to spin at different spinning temperatures and nozzle draft ratios,and the PA6I/6T as-spun fibers were stretched and heat treated respectively.The effects of spinning process and post-treatment process parameters on the breaking strength of PA6I/6T melt spun fibers were discussed.The results show that the relative viscosity of PA6I/6T is 2.12(using concentrated sulfuric acid as solvent),initial decomposition temperature is 463℃,the melt flow rate reaches 18.2 g/10 min at 265℃,the mole ratio of 6I/6T structural unit is 1.8.The suitable spinning temperature of PA6I/6T is around 265℃,the breaking strength of PA6I/6T fiber increases with the increase of nozzle draft ratio,the breaking strength rises from 1.02 cN/dtex to 2.04 cN/dtex with the increase of nozzle draft ratio from 23.2 to 116.In the heat treatment process,the breaking strength of the fiber shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with increasing heat treatment temperature,after heat treating at 115℃,the maximum value reaches 1.46 cN/dtex.Uniform transparent fibers can be obtained by hot stretching the fibers at 135℃,during the primary stretching process,the breaking strength of the fiber fluctuates with the change of stretching ratio,and the maximum value can reach 0.95 cN/dtex,during the secondary stretching process,the fiber's breaking strength decreases and the elongation at break decreases significantly.

关 键 词：聚间苯二甲酰己二胺-对苯二甲酰己二胺 熔融纺丝 化学结构 牵伸 断裂强度 

分 类 号：TS102.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]