由附庸而邦国:清代“词教”论的发生与展开  

From Vassals to States:The Emergence and Development of the Theory of“Ci Education”in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：傅宇斌 FU Yu-bin(Chinese Poetry Research Center,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu Anhui 241000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学中国诗学研究中心,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《苏州大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期150-160,共11页Journal of Soochow University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国词学通史”(项目编号:17ZDA239);安徽省高校科研创新团队项目“中国诗学话语体系建构研究”(项目编号:AH2023010032)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“词教”观念长期以“诗教”之附庸存在。从清代起,“词教”观念经历了依附、独立、升华的过程。依附阶段,阐发“温柔敦厚”宗旨为主,发掘出“词教”之离合性特征;独立阶段,张惠言确立“词教”宗旨为“意内言外”,包世臣继之正名并强化,周济则扩展其思想内涵与表现方法;升华阶段,谭献发现了“词教”的“乐教”内涵。“词教”独立化过程交织着“政教批评”与“文体秩序”的演进理路。从前者来看,“词教”先后受清代文化政策、今文经学、“乐以节情”观念影响;从后者来看,“词教”独立性的发展体现了“词”在“文体秩序”中的上升。The concept of“Ci Education”has long existed as a subsidiary of“Poetry Education”.Since the Qing Dynasty,the concept of“Ci Education”has gone through a process of attachment,independence,and sublimation.During the stage of attachment,the emphasis is on elucidating the principle of“gentleness and kindness”and exploring the alienated characteristics of“Ci Education”.In the stage of independence,Zhang Huiyan established the purpose of“Ci Education”as“Meaning Inside and Words Outside”;Bao Shichen succeeded and strengthened it,and Zhou Ji expanded its ideological connotation and expression methods.In the stage of sublimation,Tan Xian discovered the connotation of“Musical Education”in“Ci Education”.The process of the independence of“Ci Education”is intertwined with the evolution of“Political and Religious Criticism”and“Order of Literary Genre”.From the former perspective,“Ci Education”was successively influenced by the cultural policies of the Qing Dynasty,the former Han dynasty school of Confucian scholars,and the concept of“music is to control emotions”.From the latter perspective,the development of the independence of“Ci Education”reflects the rise of“Ci”in the“Order of Literary Genre”.

关 键 词：“词教” “诗教” “乐教” 政教批评 文体秩序 

分 类 号：I207.23[文学—中国文学]