支撑电网保供和消纳的梯级电站水位控制方法  

Method of controlling water level in cascade hydropower stations to guarantee grid power supply and consumption

作　　者：谢蒙飞 徐航 张俊涛 周娜 刘斌 程春田[2] XIE Mengfei;XU Hang;ZHANG Juntao;ZHOU Na;LIU Bin;CHENG Chuntian(Kunming Power Exchange Center Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650011,China;Institute of Hydropower System&Hydroinformatics,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明电力交易中心有限责任公司,云南昆明650011 [2]大连理工大学水电与水信息研究所,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《人民长江》2025年第3期191-199,共9页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(52239001);国家博士后创新人才支持计划项目(BX20230055)。

摘　　要：挖掘并利用水电长周期大规模调节能力,对提升电网季节性保供和风光消纳水平至关重要,核心难点在于如何在长期尺度上界定龙头水电站关键时间节点水位控制范围。以考虑时空相关性的径流-风光发电能力组合场景集为输入,构建支撑电网保供和风光消纳的梯级水电长期多目标随机优化调度模型。以云南省澜沧江水电基地为应用实例,有效界定了满足电网保供和消纳调节需求的小湾、糯扎渡龙头水电站水位控制区间,并探析了其在不同径流和风光占比下的变化规律。结果显示:该水位控制区间验证有效性大于95%,可为电网制定龙头水电站长期水位调用计划提供支撑,且随着新能源渗透率的不断增加,水电对于新能源的灵活性调节能力被不断削弱。Extending and utilizing the long-period and large-scale regulation capability of hydropower is essential to enhance the level of grid seasonal supply guarantee and wind-solar consumption.The core challenge lies in defining the control range of water levels at key time nodes of leading hydropower stations on a long-term scale.In this paper,a scenario set of runoff-wind-solar power generation capacity combinations considering spatio-temporal correlation is taken as input,and a long-term multi-objective stochastic optimal scheduling model for cascade hydropower stations is constructed to guarantee grid power supply and wind-solar consumption.Taking the Lancang River hydropower base in Yunnan Province as an application example,the water level control intervals of Xiaowan and Nuozhadu two backbone hydropower stations that fulfill the demand of grid supply and consumption regulation are effectively defined.The variation patterns of these hydropower stations are analyzed under different runoff and wind-solar proportions.The results demonstrate that the validity of the water level control intervals exceeds 95%,which can support the grid developing a long-term water level operation plan for the leading hydropower stations.Additionally,as the proportion of new energy increases,the flexibility of hydropower to support new energy regulation has been weakened.

关 键 词：水风光多能互补 龙头水电站 梯级水电站 多目标优化 长期优化调度 流域水位区间控制 澜沧江水电基地 

分 类 号：TV11[水利工程—水文学及水资源]