H3N2 influenza virus characteristics in China(2019-2022):Genetic,antigenic,and infection dynamics during the COVID-19 pandemic  

作　　者：Jiaming Li Yu Huan Qianfeng Xia Yan Li Rahat Ullah Khan Qingzhi Liu Chuanran Dou Marina Gulyaeva Alexander Shestopalov Ning Zhang Xuefeng Duan Jing Yang Hongchun Zhang Yuhai Bi 

机构地区：[1]CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology,Institute of Microbiology,Beijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance,Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases,Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning(CASCIRE),CAS-TWAS Center of Excellence for Emerging Infectious Diseases(CEEID),Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China [3]Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education,NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control,School of Tropical Medicine,Hainan Medical University,Hainan,China [4]Department of Biostatistics,University of Michigan-Ann Arbor,Michigan,USA [5]Lafayette College,Pennsylvania,USA [6]Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine,Federal State Budget Scientific Institution,Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences,Novosibirsk State University,Novosibirskaya Oblast,Russia [7]Center of Respiratory Medicine,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,National Center for Respiratory Medicine,Beijing,China

出　　处：《hLife》2025年第3期146-158,共13页微生物与宿主健康(英文)

基　　金：supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC3500804 and 2023YFC2307500 to Y.L.and Y.B.);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(32261133524 and 32425053 to Y.B.);the Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases(BJRID2025-007 to Y.B.);the CAS Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute(151C53KYSB20210023 to Y.B.);the Major Project of Guangzhou National Laboratory(GZNL2023A01001 to Y.B.);the National Science and Technology Infrastructure of China(National Pathogen Resource Center-NPRC-32 to Y.B.);the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-086 to Y.B.);the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(Y2021034 to Y.B.);the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYYCXTD-D-202208 to Y.B.);the Russian Science Foundation(23-44-00026 to M.G.and A.S.).

摘　　要：Seasonal influenza activity significantly decreased in China during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,yet the H3N2 virus led to three epidemic waves.Understanding the characteristics of H3N2 epidemic viruses is essential for recognizing influenza during COVID-19 and for updating vaccines.In this study,we analyzed 579 respiratory samples from patients exhibiting influenza-like symptoms,collected in 2019–2022,leading to the successful sequencing of 36 complete H3N2 genomes.Genomic analysis indicated that the epidemic strains from these periods belonged to different hemagglutinin(HA)clades and exhibited phylogenetic divergence from the concurrently used vaccine strains.Significant antigenic differences were identified through cross-hemagglutination inhibition(HI)and cross-microneutralization(MN)assays.Furthermore,pathogenicity studies showed that representative strains replicated in Madin-Darby canine kidney(MDCK)cells,with varying abilities,and all replicated more effectively at 37℃ compared to 33℃.These strains also replicated well in the respiratory tracts of mice and guinea pigs.The findings indicate a mismatch between circulating H3N2 viruses and recommended vaccine strains,highlighting the need for improved international cooperation and epidemiological surveillance of influenza viruses post-COVID-19.Optimizing effective vaccine strain update strategy and developing a universal influenza vaccine are crucial for future preparedness.

关 键 词：influenza Avirus H3N2 geneticevolution PHYLOGENY ANTIGENICITY infection 

分 类 号：R37[医药卫生—病原生物学]