石墨烯负载磷-氮复合阻燃剂的合成及其在聚乳酸改性中的应用  

Synthesis of Graphene-Supported Phosphorus-Nitrogen Combined Flame Retardant and Application in Modification of Polylactic Acid

作　　者：马文静 王瀚文 徐菲[1] 安世杰 朱志国[1] 王文庆 王锐[1] Wenjing Ma;HanwenWang;Fei Xu;Shijie An;Zhiguo Zhu;WenqingWang;RuiWang(School of Materials Design and Engineering,Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京服装学院材料设计与工程学院,北京100029

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2025年第1期43-52,共10页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金资助项目(2242033);北京学者团队资助(RCQJ20303)。

摘　　要：聚乳酸(PLA)是一种典型的生物降解绿色高分子材料,但其极限氧指数(LOI)仅为20%,高的可燃性限制了其应用安全性。文中以2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸、碳酰胺和还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)为原料合成了一种石墨烯负载磷-氮复合高效阻燃剂(CN-rGO),采用熔融共混法制备了PLA/CN-rGO复合物,对其阻燃性能及其作用机理进行了研究分析。极限氧指数、垂直燃烧等级和锥形量热等测试结果表明,CN-rGO是一种高效阻燃剂,其质量分数为1%时,PLA/CN-rGO的LOI明显提升至37%,达到难燃级别;垂直燃烧等级为V-0级,能够离火自熄;最大热释放速率(PHRR)和总热释放量(THR)分别降低了40.2%和23.1%。机理研究表明,CN-rGO在凝聚相和气相均产生阻燃作用,综合提高了阻燃性能。另外,PLA/CN-rGO的表面电阻达到抗静电性级别,说明CN-rGO具有多功能性。Biodegradable polylactic acid(PLA)is a typical green polymer material.The high flammability,however,with a low limit oxygen index(LOI)of about 20%,limits its application safety.A graphene-supported phosphorus-nitrogen combined flame retardant(named CN-rGO)was synthesized using 2-carboxyethyl phenyl phosphinic acid,carbamide,and reduced graphene oxide(rGO)as raw materials.The PLA/CN-rGO composites were prepared via melt blending,and the flame retardant properties and mechanism of action were studied and analyzed.The test results based on limiting oxygen index,vertical combustion level,and cone calorimetry indicate that CN-rGO shows a high flame retardant efficiency.The LOI of PLA/CN-rGO,with the addition of only 1%mass fraction,is significantly increased to 37%,reaching difficultly-flammable level.The vertical combustion level achieves V-0,showing self-extinguish phenomenon.Furthermore,the peak heat release rate(PHRR)and total heat release(THR)are decreased by 40.2%and 23.1%,respectively.Mechanism studies reveal that CN-rGO exhibits flame retardancy in condensed and gaseous phase,comprehensively improving flame retardant performance.In addition,the surface specific resistance of PLA/CN-rGO reaches the anti-static level,indicating the multi-functionality of CN-rGO.

关 键 词：聚乳酸 还原氧化石墨烯 磷-氮复合阻燃剂 阻燃性能 抗静电性能 

分 类 号：TQ314.248[化学工程—高聚物工业]