可陶瓷化酚醛树脂及其复合材料研究进展  

A Review on Ceramizable Phenolic Resin and Its Composites

作　　者：张健[1] 行小龙 刘祎 张承双[1,2,3] Jian Zhang;Xiaolong Xing;Yi Liu;Chengshuang Zhang(Xi’an Aerospace Composites Research Institute,Xi’an 710025,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Aerospace Composites,Xi’an 710025,China;Xi’an Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites,Xi’an 710025,China)

机构地区：[1]西安航天复合材料研究所,陕西西安710025 [2]陕西省航天复合材料重点实验室,陕西西安710025 [3]西安市先进聚合物基复合材料重点实验室,陕西西安710025

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2025年第1期172-182,共11页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3403500)。

摘　　要：酚醛树脂因具有烧蚀性能优异、成本低廉、工艺简单、力学性能及尺寸稳定性良好等特点,在航空航天领域被广泛使用。作为一种新兴的改性酚醛,可陶瓷化酚醛树脂在烧蚀过程中可形成碳/陶瓷耦合层,能进一步提高酚醛树脂基复合材料的耐烧蚀性能和抗氧化性能,是新一代高性能防隔热系统的优选材料。文中聚焦于硅、硼元素改性的可陶瓷化酚醛树脂及其复合材料,从填料改性和化学改性两方面介绍了当前可陶瓷化酚醛树脂及其复合材料的研究进展,并总结了这些改性手段的优势与难点。最后对可陶瓷化酚醛树脂基复合材料的研究前景做出了展望。Owing to its superior ablation performance,cost-effectiveness,simple process,and outstanding mechanical properties alongside dimensional stability,phenolic resin is widely used in the aerospace sector.As an emerging modified phenolic resin,ceramizable phenolic resin can form a carbon/ceramic coupling layer during ablation process,which significantly enhances the ablation resistance and oxidation resistance of phenolic resin matrix composites.This makes it a preferred material for next-generation high-performance thermal protection systems.The paper focused on silicon and boron element-modified ceramicizable phenolic resin and its composites.The current research progress of ceramicizable phenolic resin and its composites from the perspectives of filler modification and chemical modification was reviewed.The paper summarized the advantages and challenges of these modification methods and provided an outlook on the research prospects of ceramicizable phenolic resin matrix composites.

关 键 词：酚醛树脂 可陶瓷化 硼硅改性 复合材料 

分 类 号：TQ323.1[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]