“风木”意象的双重隐喻--以明清时期风木图为中心  

The Double Metaphor of“Wind-swept Trees”:A Discussion on“Wind-swept Trees”Paintings of the Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：耿明昭 Geng Mingzhao(School of Art and Archaeology,Zhejiang University)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学艺术与考古学院

出　　处：《美术》2025年第3期116-121,共6页Art Magazine

摘　　要：“风木图”是一类表现孝子丧亲之痛的特殊母题,本文对明清传世的代表作品和载于文集中的题画诗、记文进行整理,发现“风木图”有侧重描绘孝子形象和故土山水的分别。而后者在视觉表现上,与那些“隐”含风木元素却不以“风木”为题的山水画并无二致。因此,如若将“风木”作为一种元素和意象置于更广阔的范围再行审视,可以发现文史、画史中的“风木”主要有两重表意功能和使用情境:其一即为“风木”本义,形容孝子哀慕亡亲;其二则是于朝代更迭之际衍生出的新意涵,隐喻遗民的故国之思。“Wind-swept trees”is a special theme that expresses the grief of children who lose their parents.This article combs through representative paintings that have been passed down from generation to generation,poems on paintings and relevant jottings in anthologies of the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and finds out that“wind-swept trees”can represent both filial children and hometown landscape.In terms of visual expression,paintings that depict hometown landscape with the image“wind-swept trees”are no different from landscape paintings that“implicitly”contain wind and tree elements but are not on this theme.Therefore,when examined from a broader view,“wind-swept trees”as an element and image in painting and literature is primarily used in two contexts:one is its original meaning of children mourning their deceased parents,and the other is the new meaning that developed with the alternation of dynasties,which expresses people's grief of their perished country.

关 键 词：风木 意象 孝子 遗民 故国 

分 类 号：J212[艺术—美术] K248[历史地理—历史学]