地震多信息联合分级约束油藏建模技术在特低渗油藏开发中的应用  

Application of the multi-information seismic-constrained reservoir modeling in extra-low permeability reservoir development

作　　者：高福坤 周丽萍 李东阳 赵英丽 柳俊茹 段锦川 张桂芳 GAO FuKun;ZHOU LiPing;LI DongYang;ZHAO YingLi;LIU JunRu;DUAN JinChuan;ZHANG GuiFang(Geophysical Research Institute BGP Inc.,CNPC,Zhuozhou 072750,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油东方地球物理公司研究院,涿州072750

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2025年第1期121-130,共10页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：中国石油前瞻性基础性战略性技术攻关课题“页岩油气地震地质工程一体化储层评价关键技术研究”(2021DJ3705)资助.

摘　　要：鄂尔多斯盆地安塞油田长6油藏是典型的低孔特低渗油藏,储层具有物性差、非均质性强的特点.传统的油藏建模方法难以有效的刻画低孔特低渗油藏储层间的非均质性变化,不能满足油田精准开发方案调整需求.为满足油田增储上产的技术需求,依托鄂尔多斯盆地首块开发三维地震,探索针对低孔特低渗油藏地震油藏建模技术方法.提出了地震多信息联合分级约束油藏建模技术:在井震联合构造建模和裂缝建模基础上,结合地震属性,运用单砂体级别沉积微相成果,采用确定性建模方法构建沉积微相模型;在沉积微相模型、地震岩性概率体空间分级约束下,采用序贯高斯模拟方法,建立高精度岩相模型;以岩相模型为基础,运用地震孔隙度反演体进一步空间分级约束,建立孔隙度模型;应用孔渗关系经验公式计算出渗透率模型,采用克里金插值方法建立含油饱和度模型.结果表明:地震约束油藏模型储层物性变化特征明显,油藏边界清晰,与隔夹层配置关系明确;结合生产动态数据分析研究进一步验证该技术搭建的油藏模型的可靠性,实现多期薄砂体油藏群叠置的整装型油藏精细刻画.该技术发挥开发地震横向变化信息丰富优势,解决传统随机模拟建模方法井间不确定性问题,实现对强非均质性储层物性分布规律精细表征.地震约束油藏模型应用于完善注采对应关系、油藏边部外扩等方面均取得了较好效果.为安塞油田的稳产提供了有效技术支撑,推动了开发地震在鄂尔多斯盆地应用发展.The Chang6 reservoir of Ansai Oilfield in the eastern Ordos Basin is a representative example of a low-porosity and extra-low permeability reservoir,characterized by unfavorable physical properties and significant heterogeneity.Traditional reservoir modeling methods are difficult to effectively describe the heterogeneity changes between reservoirs in low-porosity and extra-low permeability reservoirs,which cannot meet the needs of precise oilfield development plan adjustment.Therefore,in order to meet the technical requirements of increasing oil production,the seismic reservoir modeling technology for low-porosity and extra-low permeability reservoirs is explored based on the development seismic of the first block in Ordos Basin.The multi-information seismic-constrained reservoir modeling is proposed.On the basis of combined well-seismic structural modeling and fracture modeling,combined with seismic attributes,the sedimentary microfacies model was constructed by deterministic modeling method based on the results of single-sand level sedimentary microfacies.Under the constraints of sedimentary microfacies model and spatial classification of seismic lithology probability body,a high-precision lithofacies model is established by using sequential Gaussian simulation method.Based on the lithofacies model,the seismic porosity inversion body is usedto further constrain the spatial classification and establish the porosity model.The permeability model is calculated by the empirical formula of pore-permeability relationship,and the oil saturation model is established by Kriging interpolation method.The results show that the seismic constrained reservoir model exhibits evident features of evolving reservoir physical properties,well-defined reservoir boundaries,and clear interlayer configuration relationships.The reliability of the reservoir model established through this technology is further substantiated by analyzing production dynamic data,enabling precise characterization of multi-stage thin sand-body reservoir groups

关 键 词：特低渗油藏 非均质性储层 地震约束油藏建模 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]