提升结构混凝土耐久性的外加剂研究进展  

Research Progress on Chemical Admixtures for Improving Durability of Structural Concrete

作　　者：蔡景顺 李华[1,2] 舒鑫[2] 单广程[1,2] 陈健 冉千平 CAI Jingshun;LI Hua;SHU Xin;SHAN Guangcheng;CHEN Jian;RAN Qianping(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Construction Materials,School of Material Science and Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China;State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏省土木工程材料重点实验室,南京211189 [2]江苏省建筑科学研究院有限公司,高性能土木工程材料国家重点实验室,南京210008

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2025年第3期553-573,共21页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFB11400);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20221550)资助。

摘　　要：结构混凝土耐久性是公认的世界性难题,随着全球气候变暖,服役环境恶劣,混凝土耐久性能过早失效的问题日益突出。化学外加剂作为混凝土的关键组分,在改善混凝土微结构、提升耐久性方面表现出显著的技术优势。本文从混凝土裂缝控制、孔结构调控与钢筋阻锈性能提升3个影响耐久性的关键因素出发,综述了耐久性提升外加剂的发展现状与最新研究动态,并对耐久性提升外加剂的未来发展进行展望,助力混凝土耐久性提升技术的创新与低碳、可持续社会的发展。Concrete durability is recognized as a worldwide problem.With global warming and harsh service environment,the problem of premature failure of structural concrete durability becomes more prominent.Chemical admixtures as the key components of concrete show significant technical advantages in improving the microstructure and durability of structural concrete.This review represents research progress on the durability enhancement admixtures for the innovation of concrete durability enhancement technology and the development of low-carbon and sustainable society.Some admixtures used for concrete crack control(i.e.,expanding agent,water evaporation inhibitor,heat of hydration inhibitor)are described.The addition of nanomaterials and polymers as well as the use of monomer in-situ polymerization are summarized.In addition,SAP,osmotic crystallization and expansion agents for realizing the self-healing of cracks are also discussed.Air entraining agent,pore hydrophobic agent and nano-pore compacting agent are summarized to enhance concrete microstructure,thus solving the durability failure problem of concrete under freeze-thaw,sulfate attack and chloride ion attack.Corrosion inhibitor is inducted.Recent research progress on organic rust inhibitors,green rust inhibitors and intelligent rust inhibitors is reviewed,and the existing problems of current rust inhibitors are summarized,and the development direction of future rust inhibitors is prospected.Summary and Prospects Durability failure is a challenge facing the sustainable development of society.How to improve the durability of structural concrete with low cost and high efficiency is a key problem to be solved.This review represents the research progress on durability enhancing admixtures in concrete crack control,microstructure regulation and reinforcement rust resistance improvement,and points out the existing problems of various admixtures.1)Concrete crack control is a premise of structural concrete durability improvement.However,how to further improve the effectivenes

关 键 词：混凝土耐久性 外加剂 混凝土开裂 冻融 疏水改性 纳米密实 钢筋锈蚀 

分 类 号：TU528[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]