C/C复合材料高温抗氧化陶瓷防护涂层的研究进展与展望  

Research Progress on High-Temperature Ceramic Protective Coatings on C/C Composite Materials

作　　者：王麓焱 刘荣军[2] 王衍飞[2] 李端 缪花明 WANG Luyan;LIU Rongjun;WANG Yanfei;LI Duan;MIAO Huaming(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China;Science andTechnology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory,College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,NationalUniversity of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学材料科学与工程学院,南昌330063 [2]国防科技大学,空天科学学院新型陶瓷纤维及其复合材料重点实验室,长沙410073

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2025年第3期688-699,共12页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：新型陶瓷纤维及其复合材料重点实验室基金(6142907220301)。

摘　　要：C/C复合材料具有优异的力学性能,在航天航空、核能、化工、汽车、医疗等多个领域具有较高的应用潜力,但由于高温下会被迅速氧化,限制了其应用极限,在C/C复合材料表面制备抗氧化陶瓷涂层是提高其高温抗氧化性能的有效手段之一。本文依据不同抗氧化机理对当前C/C复合材料高温陶瓷防护涂层进行了归类讨论,并对C/C复合材料高温陶瓷抗氧化涂层的未来发展方向进行了适当展望。C/C composite materials have several advantages,i.e.,low density,high thermal conductivity,low thermal expansion coefficient,and resistance to ablation,which can be used in various fields such as aerospace and nuclear chemical engineering.However,the susceptibility of C/C composite materials to oxidation in high-temperature environments is a primary concern for their further application.One effective solution is the fabrication of high-temperature oxidation-resistant ceramic coatings on the surface of C/C composite materials.The existing high-temperature oxidation-resistant ceramic coatings for C/C composites are gradually transited from single-layer to multi-layer.Typically,these composite coatings consist of three components,i.e.,a mitigating layer,an intermediate layer and a sealing layer.The mitigating layer serves to alleviate the thermal expansion coefficient mismatch between the substrate and the coating,while an oxygen-blocking layer characterized by a low oxygen diffusion rate prevents external oxygen from penetrating the substrate.The sealing layer with low porosity,high-temperature fluidity,and self-healing properties protects against environmental medium erosion.This review categorizes the existing high-temperature oxidation-resistant coatings of C/C composites based on different oxidation resistance mechanisms of ceramic coatings,i.e.,ceramic coatings based on self-healing glass phase protection mechanisms,ceramic coatings based on enhanced glass phase protection mechanisms,and antioxidant coatings based on composite glass phases.The ceramic coatings based on enhanced glass phase protection mechanisms are further divided into ion-enhanced glass phases,microporous-inclusion structure enhanced glass phases,and particle-enhanced glass phases.In the self-healing glass phase protection mechanism coatings,SiO2 and B2O3 are the most common glass phases.However,single-layer SiO2 or B2O3 coatings are restricted in their application at>1000℃due to the volatilization of the generated B2O3 glass phase.It is th

关 键 词：碳/碳复合材料 抗氧化 表面涂层 抗氧化机理 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]