能源转型背景下我国煤炭供需安全保障研究  

Research on the Security of National and Supply and Demand of Coal under the Background of Energy Transformation

作　　者：张欣桐 祖媛 郭一杉 高帆 Zhang Xintong;Zu Yuan;Guo Yishan;Gao fan

机构地区：[1]宁波财经学院工商管理学院 [2]国家开发银行行业一部 [3]国家开发银行社会民生业务部

出　　处：《开发性金融研究》2024年第5期75-85,共11页Development Finance Research

摘　　要：新能源天然存在季节性、间歇性的被动性局限,我国新能源储能技术尚不太成熟,新型电力系统建设具有复杂性与长期性。鉴于此,我国在推进能源转型过程中,煤炭作为我国自主保障程度最高的能源,需要在国家能源安全中发挥兜底保障功能。当前我国煤炭行业存在煤炭市场供应相对紧张,市场机制的不完善导致局部性煤炭市场失灵,煤炭进口省份易受国际市场形势影响等传统问题,煤炭产需空间格局的调整和电煤需求时段性波动加剧也为行业带来了新挑战。本文以问题为导向探析保障全国及区域煤炭供需安全的有效路径措施,提出以下政策建议:一是统筹规划煤炭生产能力,加强煤炭消费总量控制;二是建立健全煤炭储备体系,增强煤炭供应保障能力;三是保障电煤可靠稳定供应,强化煤电支撑调节功能;四是完善煤炭交易市场环境,推进煤炭市场稳定运行;五是拓宽煤炭进口来源渠道,保障进口省份供应安全。The natural seasonal and intermittent passive limitations of new energy,as well as China’s new energy storage technology is not yet too mature,coupled with the complexity and long-term construction of new power systems.In view of this,China’s energy transition process,coal as China’s highest degree of independent guarantee energy,need to play a bottom-up guarantee function in the national enerey security.At present,China’s coal industry is currently facing coal market supply in a relatively tense state,localized coal market failure caused by the imperfect market mechanism,coal import provinces are vulnerable to the international market situation and other traditional problems.The adjustment of the spatial pattern of coal production and demand,and the intensification of the temporal fluctuation of electric coal demand has also brought new challenges for the industry.To analyze the effective paths and measures to guarantee the security of national and regional coal supply and demand with the problem as the guide,the following policy recommendations are put forward:the first,to coordinate the planning of coal production capacity and strengthen the control of total coal consumption;the second,to establish and improve the coal reserve system and enhance the capacity of coal supply guarantee;the third,to ensure the reliable and stable supply of electric coal,and strengthen the supporting and regulating function of coal power;the fourth,to improve the environment of the coal trading market and promote the stable operation of the coal market;and the fifth is to broaden the sources of coal imports and ensure the safety of import provinces supply.

关 键 词：“双碳”目标 能源转型 新型电力系统 煤炭供需 安全保障 

分 类 号：F426.21[经济管理—产业经济]