转BpGLK白桦土壤酶活及根际土壤细菌、真菌群落组成分析  

Analysis of bacterial and fungal community composition and soil enzyme activities in the rhizosphere of transgenic Betula platyphylla

作　　者：曹俐 金冬雪 姜静[1] 李天芳 CAO Li;JIN Dongxue;JIANG Jing;LI Tianfang(State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry,Harbin 150081,China)

机构地区：[1]林木遗传育种全国重点实验室(东北林业大学),黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江省林业科学研究院,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报(自然科学版)》2024年第6期129-137,共9页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：转基因杨树中间试验安全性检测(KJZXSA202002)

摘　　要：【目的】白桦(Betula platyphylla)BpGLK转录因子参与调控叶绿体发育及叶色,BpGLK抑制表达白桦在生长期内叶色呈黄绿色,在园林绿化中极具观赏价值。但作为转基因植物,大面积的推广应用是否会对环境产生不利影响引起研究者的重视。研究转BpGLK白桦对土壤酶活及根际土壤细菌、真菌群落组成的影响,为后续环境释放及商业化应用提供理论依据。【方法】以3年生转BpGLK白桦(OE株系及RE株系)及对照野生型(WT)白桦为材料,采用分光光度法测定土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、中性蛋白酶、过氧化氢酶及纤维素酶的活性,利用Illumina-Miseq高通量测序平台对根际土壤微生物进行16S rRNA和ITS测序分析,对根际土壤细菌和真菌群落丰富度和多样性变化、结构差异性、群落组成进行分析,了解转基因活动对白桦土壤酶活性及根际土壤微生物组成的影响。【结果】在测定的4个时间点(6月15日、7月15日、8月15日和9月15日)转BpGLK白桦与WT株系的土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、纤维素酶、中性蛋白酶活性均存在显著差异(P<0.05),而过氧化氢酶活性则呈现WT株系与部分转基因株系间存在显著差异,土壤脲酶和纤维素酶活性在8月中旬和9月中旬明显降低,而土壤中性蛋白酶活性在9月中旬明显升高,OE株系的土壤中性蛋白酶活性在4个时期均高于或显著高于WT株系(P<0.05)。根际土壤细菌群落属水平上,具有促生功能的伯克霍尔德菌属(Burkholderia)是转基因株系与WT株系的优势菌,该菌属在转基因株系根际土壤中的相对丰度显著提高;在根际真菌群落属水平上,棉革菌属(Tomentella)是转基因RE株系根际的优势类群,锁瑚菌属(Clavulina)是WT及转基因OE株系根际的优势类群,蜡蘑菌属(Laccaria)的相对丰度在OE株系和RE株系中显著降低(P<0.05);Alpha多样性分析显示,在细菌群落组成方面,转基因白桦的可观测物种数(observed species)、Chao1、香农(S【Objective】The BpGLK transcription factor of Betula platyphylla is involved in regulating chloroplast development and leaf color.The leaf color of B.platyphylla with inhibited BpGLK expression is yellow-green during the growth period,which holds great ornamental value in landscaping.However,as a genetically modified crop,concerns exist regarding the potential adverse environmental effects of widespread use.This study aims to examine the impact of transgenic BpGLK B.platyphylla on soil enzyme activity and the composition of rhizosphere soil bacterial and fungal communities,providing theoretical data for future environmental release and commercialization.【Method】Three-year-old transgenic B.platyphylla(OE and RE strains)and wild-type(WT)B.platyphylla are used as materials.Soil sucrase,urease,neutral protease,catalase,and cellulase activities were measured using the spectrophotometric method.In addition,16S rRNA and ITS sequencing analyses of rhizosphere soil microorganisms were conducted using the Illumina-Miseq high-throughput sequencing platform.The richness and diversity of bacterial and fungal communities,structural differences,and community composition in rhizosphere soil were analyzed to understand the effects of transgenic activity on soil enzyme activity and microbial composition in the rhizosphere soil of B.platyphylla.【Result】Significant differences(P<0.05)are observed in soil urease,sucrase,cellulase and neutral protease activities between BpGLKtransformed B.platyphylla and WT strains at four time points(June 15,July 15,August 15 and September 15).However,catalase activity showed significant differences between WT and some transgenic strains.Soil urease and cellulase activities decrease significantly in mid-August and mid-September.The activity of soil neutral protease in OE strains was higher than that of the WT strain at all four periods(P<0.05).At the rhizosphere bacterial community level,Burkholderia,a growth-promoting function,was the dominant genus in transgenic and WT strains.The relati

关 键 词：白桦 转基因 土壤酶活性 根际 细菌 真菌 群落组成 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学] S68