红锥种源与无性系的材性变异研究  

Study on wood variation of provenances and clones of Castanopsis hystrix

作　　者：杨袁木 李娜 陈新宇 徐放[1] 潘文[1] 张卫华[1] YANG Yuanmu;LI Na;CHEN Xinyu;XU Fang;PAN Wen;ZHANG Weihua(Guangdong Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,China;Guangdong Forest Resource Conservation Center,Guangzhou 510173,China;Zhongkai College of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省林业科学研究院,广东广州510520 [2]广东省森林资源保育中心,广东广州510173 [3]仲恺农业工程学院,广东广州510225

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报(自然科学版)》2024年第6期41-50,共10页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B020215002)

摘　　要：【目的】开展红锥(Castanopsis hystrix)种源及无性系材性变异规律研究,阐明材性相关性状的遗传特性,为材性遗传改良及木材的科学加工和合理利用提供理论依据。【方法】调查红锥种质资源库内17个种源226个无性系的材性性状,对不同种源、种源内不同无性系的12个材性性状数据进行方差分析,并根据种源遗传方差、种源内无性系遗传方差等计算遗传力。对红锥不同种源材性指标与地理位置和气象因子进行Spearman相关分析、主成分分析与聚类分析。【结果】方差分析结果表明,木材基本密度、纤维素含量和半纤维素含量在种源间存在极显著差异,木材纤维长度、纤维宽度和木质素含量在种源间存在显著差异;纤维长度、纤维宽度、长宽比、木材基本密度、纤维腔直径、腔径比、木质素含量、半纤维素含量指标在种源内无性系间存在极显著差异。木材基本密度、纤维素、半纤维素含量的遗传力在种源间差异较大,纤维长宽比、纤维长度、木材基本密度在种源内无性系间遗传力差异较大,均在0.5以上,表明这些性状分别在种源和无性系水平上受高度遗传控制。且所有种源木材基本密度均值均在0.5以上,表明红锥木材硬度整体水平高,密度大,属硬木材质。相关性分析结果表明,纤维长度与木材基本密度呈显著正相关,与木质素含量呈显著负相关,木材基本密度与纤维素含量呈显著正相关。木质素含量与纤维素含量呈显著负相关,纤维素含量与半纤维素含量呈负相关。各种源材性性状指标与地理-气候因子也存在一定相关性,表现出经度越高,木材木质素含量越高;纬度越高,木材基本密度越小;随着海拔的升高,木质素含量逐渐降低的规律;纤维长度与年均气温呈显著负相关,纤维长度可能会因年均气温的升高而减小。总体上,种源材性与地理因子相关性较强,而与环境�【Objective】This study investigated the variation patterns of wood traits among the provenances and clones of Castanopsis hystrix to clarify the genetic characteristics of these traits.It provided a theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of wood traits and for the scientific processing and rational utilization of wood.【Method】The physical and chemical wood traits of 226 clones from 17 provenances in the C.hystrix germplasm bank were investigated.Twelve wood traits from different provenances and clones within those provenances were analyzed using variance analysis,and heritability was calculated based on the genetic variance of provenances and clones within provenances.Spearman correlation analysis,principal component analysis,and cluster analysis were conducted for different provenances of C.hystrix,considering geographical location and meteorological factors.【Result】Variance analysis revealed significant differences in fiber length,fiber width,wood basic density,lignin content,cellulose content and hemicellulose content among provenances.Significant differences were also observed in fiber length,fiber width,length-to-width ratio,wood basic density,fiber cavity diameter,cavity-to-diameter ratio,lignin content and hemicellulose content among clones within provenances.The heritability of wood basic density,cellulose and hemicellulose content was higher among provenances.In contrast,the heritability of the length-width ratio,fiber length,and wood basic density were higher among clones within provenances,all above 0.5,indicating that these traits were highly genetically controlled at both provenance and clonal levels.The average basic density of all provenance wood was above 0.5,indicating that C.hystrix wood was a hardwood material with high overall hardness and density.Correlation analysis results indicated that fiber length was positively correlated with wood basic density and negatively correlated with lignin content.Lignin content was negatively correlated with cellulose content,and cellulose c

关 键 词：红锥 种源 无性系 材性性状 遗传变异 

分 类 号：S722[农业科学—林木遗传育种]