基于GIS和Fragstats的南山国家公园景观格局特征研究  

Research on Landscape Pattern Characteristics of Nanshan National Park Based on GIS and Fragstats

作　　者：申明智 郑群明[1,2] Shen Mingzhi;Zheng Qunming(College of Tourism,Hunan Normal University,Changsha Hunan 410081;College of Research Institute for Educational Tourism,Hunan Normal University,Changsha Hunan 410081)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学旅游学院,湖南长沙410081 [2]湖南师范大学研学旅行研究院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《国土资源导刊》2024年第4期82-90,共9页Land & Resources Herald

摘　　要：南山国家公园森林资源丰富,探索该地的景观格局特征,对维护湖南的生态安全屏障有着重要意义。基于GIS和Fragstats技术,运用监督分类法和多重景观格局指数法,对南山国家公园的景观格局进行研究,研究结果表明:(1)各景观类型面积的大小依次为:林地>草地>农业用地>水域>建设用地>裸地,林地和草地为南山国家公园的景观基质。(2)除草地景观主要分布在公园西部外,其他景观类型空间分布较为分散,各处均有分布。(3)南山国家公园大部分斑块规模较大,斑块形状破碎,较不规整,斑块分布较为分散。(4)南山国家公园各景观类型形状不规整,林地和草地景观规模较大,其他类型景观规模较小,各景观类型在分布上较离散,景观多样性较小,景观破碎度较大,景观异质性分明。(5)南山国家公园可以加强生态保护力度,控制公园内建设用地规模,并转变原住民的生产生活方式。Nanshan National Park is rich in forest resources.Exploring the characteristics of its landscape pattern is of great significance for maintaining the ecological security barrier in Hunan Province.Based on GIS and Fragstats technology,this study uses supervised classification and multiple landscape pattern index methods to study the landscape pattern of Nanshan National Park.The research results show that:(1)The size of each landscape type is in the following order:forest landscape>grassland>agricultural land>water area>construction land>bare land.Forest landscape and grassland landscape are the landscape matrices of Nanshan National Park.(2)Except for the grassland landscape,which is mainly distributed in the western part of the park,other landscape types are more dispersed in space,with distribution across various areas.(3)Most patches in Nanshan National Park are large in size,with fragmented and irregular shapes,and are distributed in a relatively dispersed manner.(4)The shapes of various landscape types in Nanshan National Park are irregular,with larger scales of forest and grassland landscapes,and smaller scales of other types of landscapes.The distribution of various landscape types is relatively scattered,with less landscape diversity,higher landscape fragmentation,and distinct landscape heterogeneity.(5)Nanshan National Park can strengthen ecological protection efforts,control the scale of construction land within the park,and transform the production and lifestyle of indigenous people.

关 键 词：南山国家公园 景观格局特征 GIS FRAGSTATS 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]