分场景监护人同意规则检视下未成年人信息保护的困境与破局  

Dilemma and Breakthrough in Protecting Minors'Information under the Scenarios Review of Guardian Consent Rules

作　　者：薛丽 马海群[2] 李慧琼 XUE Li;MA Haiqun;LI Huiqiong(School of Humanities and Law,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 255005,China;School of Information Management,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150006,China;Law School of Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学文法学院,江苏连云港255000 [2]黑龙江大学信息管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150006 [3]河南师范大学法学院,河南新乡453007

出　　处：《情报科学》2024年第11期167-174,共8页Information Science

基　　金：2024年江苏省社会科学基金项目“公共数据分类确权与分场景授权研究”(24FXB002)

摘　　要：【目的/意义】数字经济时代,未成年人个人信息具有财产价值,屡屡遭受严重侵害,与监护人同意规则不完善有较大关系。【方法/过程】首先分析实践中监护人同意规则面临三大困境:单一年龄界分忽视未成年人个体差异、未成年人年龄信息及监护人同意的真实性被弱化,监护人同意具有非理性决策的风险。其次,阐释未成年人个人信息保护的三大法理基础,即未成年人个人信息具有超个人利益性、监护人同意规则具有正当性和最有利于未成年人原则,最后得出未成年人个人信息保护的破局之径。【结果/结论】应通过细化年龄界限、建构独立的个人信息处理身份识别系统和赋予未成年人被遗忘权三大策略,以期实现未成年人信息权益的最大化。【创新/局限】基于监护人知情同意与未成年人信息自决权之间存在紧张关系,提出了切实可行的分场景监护人同意规则的适用建议,有利于周延地保护未成年人个人信息。【Purpose/significance】In the digital economy era,the personal information of minors has property value and has been repeatedly seriously violated,which is largely related to the imperfection of the guardian consent rules.【Method/process】Firstly,the three major dilemmas faced by the guardian consent rules in practice are analyzed:the single age division ignores the individual differences of minors,the authenticity of minors'age information and guardian consent is weakened,and the guardian consent has the risk of irrational decision-making.Secondly,the three legal foundations of the protection of minors'personal information are explained,namely,the personal information of minors has super-personal interests,the guardian consent rules are legitimate,and the principle of being most beneficial to minors.Finally,the breakthrough of the protection of minors'personal information is obtained.【Result/conclusion】The three strategies of refining the age limit,constructing an independent personal information processing identity recognition system,and granting minors the right to be forgotten should be adopted to maximize the information rights and interests of minors.【Innovation/limitation】Based on the tension between the guardian's informed consent and the minor's right to self-determination of information,practical suggestions on the age of minors'personal information protection and the application of guardian consent rules are proposed,which is conducive to the comprehensive protection of minors'personal information.

关 键 词：个人信息保护 未成年人 分场景监护人同意 年龄界分 被遗忘权 

分 类 号：G203[文化科学—传播学]