金属基纳米药物及其免疫调控效应  

Metal-based nanomedicines and their immunoregulatory effects

作　　者：刘航[1,2] 曹明晶[2] 陈春英 Hang Liu;Mingjing Cao;Chunying Chen(School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou International Campus,Guangzhou 511442,China;CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety,National Center for Nanoscience and Technology,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学国际校区,生物医学科学与工程学院,广州511442 [2]国家纳米科学中心,中国科学院纳米生物效应与安全性重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《科学通报》2025年第7期900-919,共20页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFA1200900,2023YFA1610200,2022YFA1603701,2022YFA1603600);国家自然科学基金(32401190,22388101);新基石科学基金(NCI202318);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(XDB36000000)资助。

摘　　要：金属基纳米材料在生物医学领域中具有重要的应用前景,对肿瘤、细菌感染、流行病、炎症等疾病的防治和诊断至关重要.随着金属免疫学逐渐受到广泛关注,为了充分发挥金属基纳米药物的免疫调控作用,需对其相关机制进行系统性的深入研究.本文基于金属基纳米药物独特的生物学效应,综述了其在免疫调控中的应用,主要包括以下几个方面:(1)免疫调节性金属基纳米药物的组成及其在各种疾病防治中的应用;(2)金属基纳米药物介导免疫应答的机制;(3)金属基纳米药物与生物系统相互作用及其分析方法.在此,我们分别从金属基纳米药物介导先天免疫信号转导、调控适应性免疫应答和诱导黏膜免疫反应三个方面详细阐述了这些金属基纳米药物与主要免疫系统组分的作用.此外,我们还特别关注了金属基纳米药物在免疫调节过程中与生物分子、细胞器、细胞和组织之间的相互作用,并总结了相关的分析方法.最后,我们对金属基纳米药物在免疫调控应用研究中的不足进行了讨论和展望,并对其在免疫调控和临床转化中面临的挑战以及该领域的未来发展趋势进行了讨论.With the rapid advancement of nanotechnology,the developments and applications of nanomaterials have become research hotspots.These nanomaterials,particularly metal-based nanomaterials,have attracted researchers’attention due to their distinctive optical,thermal,electrical,and magnetic properties,which offer enormous potential in the biomedical area.Their applications span across disease diagnosis and treatment,antimicrobial applications and biosensing.Recently,metalloimmunology has received extensive attention and progress,in which nanotechnology is leveraged to improve the targeting,effectiveness and safety of metalloimmunotherapy.Metal-based nanomedicines exert their effects in the prevention and treatment of tumors,bacterial infections,epidemics,autoimmune diseases and inflammatory diseases,as well as in diagnostics,by modulating the immune system,balancing oxidative stress,serving as drug carriers and imaging probes,etc.Despite the promising applications,a comprehensive understanding of the intricate mechanisms by which these nanomaterials regulate immunity remains an area ripe for exploration.This review delves into the unique biological effects of metal-based nanomedicines and their roles in immunoregulation,including four main points:(1)The composition and classification of immunoregulatory metal-based nanomedicines,which includes understanding of the physicochemical properties that contribute to their immunoregulation capabilities.(2)The applications of metal-based nanomedicines in disease prevention and therapy via immunoregulation,highlighting how these materials can be engineered to target specific immune responses for therapeutic benefits.(3)The mechanisms of immune response mediated by metal-based nanomedicines,including their regulation of both innate and adaptive immunity,which involves the interactions of metal-based nanomedicines with the immune system at the molecular and cellular levels to elicit desired responses.(4)The relationship between metal-based nanomedicines and biological matrices(

关 键 词：金属免疫 纳米材料 免疫调控 纳米-生物相互作用 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TQ460.1[化学工程—制药化工]