休闲活动、膳食多样性及体脂水平对老年人身心脑共病的影响研究  

Study on the effects of leisure activities,dietary diversity and body fat levels on physical-psychological-cognitive comorbidities in the elderly

作　　者：何福逵 周钰山 王欣 谢松洪 王茜[2] HE Fu-kui;ZHOU Yu-shan;WANG Xin;XIE Song-hong;WANG Qian(The Center for Disease Prevention and Control of the Seventh Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Huyanghe,Xinjiang 834034,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团第七师疾病预防控制中心,新疆维吾尔自治区胡杨河市834034 [2]湖北医药学院卫生管理与卫生事业发展研究中心 [3]大理大学护理学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2025年第4期642-647,684,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探究休闲活动(LA)、膳食多样性评分(DDS)及体脂水平(BMI、WHtR、WC)对老年人身心脑共病患病的影响。方法基于CLHLS—2018年数据,描述65岁及以上老年人2017—2019年身心脑共病状况,采用χ^(2)检验、t检验比较组间差异,运用多因素logistic回归及限制性立方样条探究休闲活动、膳食多样性及体脂水平对老年身心脑共病的影响。结果共纳入12047名研究对象,身心脑共病患病率为42.60%,女性多于男性。多因素回归显示与LA的Q1组相比,Q3组OR和95%CI:0.575(0.513~0.645);DDS组中,Q3组OR和95%CI:0.853(0.774,0.939),P_(trend)=0.002;体脂水平中,仅BMI存在显著关联,Q3组患病可能性是Q1组的1.195倍(95%CI:1.065~1.342),P_(trend)=0.003。非线性检表明LA、WHtR与身心脑共病有非线性关系(P_(non-linear)均<0.05)。结论合理控制体脂水平,提高休闲活动水平和改善膳食多样性是缓解老年人身心脑共病的重要干预措施。Objective To explore the effects of leisure activities(LA),dietary diversity score(DDS)and body fat levels(BMI,WHtR,WC)on the prevalence of physical-psychological-cognitive comorbidities in the elderly.Methods Based on the CLHLS—2018 data,the comorbidities of the elderly aged 65 and above from 2017 to 2019 were described.The Chi-square and t test were used to compare differences between groups,and multi-factor logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were used to explore the effects of leisure activities,dietary diversity and body fat indicators on the prevalence of comorbidities in the elderly.Results A total of 12047 subjects were included in the study,and the prevalence of comorbidities was 42.60%,with more females than males.Multivariate regression showed that compared with the Q1 group of LA,the OR and 95%CI of the Q3 group:0.575(0.513-0.645);The DDS group OR and 95%CI of the Q3 group:0.853(0.774-0.939),P_(trend)=0.002;Among body fat indicators,only BMI has a significant association.The risk of disease in group Q3 is 1.195 times that of group Q1(95%CI:1.065-1.342),P_(trend)=0.003.Further nonlinear tests indicate that LA and WHtR have non-linear relationships with comorbidities(both P_(non-linear)<0.05).Conclusion Reasonably controlling body fat levels,increasing engagement in leisure activities,and improving dietary diversity may be effective measures to prevent physical-psychological-cognitive comorbidities in the elderly.

关 键 词：休闲活动 膳食多样性 体脂水平 身心脑共病 影响因素 

分 类 号：R165[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R195.4