孤独感和社会参与在老年人社会经济地位对认知水平影响中的纵向中介作用  

Longitudinal mediating role of loneliness and social participation in the impact of socioeconomic status on cognitive level in older adults

作　　者：李泽远 杨乐 郭玉婷[1] 程景民 LI Ze-yuan;YANG Le;GUO Yu-ting;CHENG Jing-min(School of Management,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学管理学院,山西太原030001 [2]山西医科大学卫生管理与政策研究中心,山西太原030001

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2025年第4期697-702,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(72204152)。

摘　　要：目的探讨老年人社会经济地位对认知水平的影响及孤独感和社会参与的纵向中介作用。方法使用中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查数据(CLHLS)2011、2014、2018年三期追踪数据,纳入研究样本2060份,使用交叉滞后中介模型分析数据。结果老年人前测的社会经济地位与后测的认知水平间呈正向关联,关联具有统计学意义(β=1.048,P<0.001)。95%bootstrap中介效应检验结果显示,老年人孤独感在社会经济地位与认知之间的纵向中介效应不显著-0.004(-0.012~0.004),老年人社会经济地位通过正向影响社会参与间接正向影响认知水平0.022(0.009~0.036),中介效应量为33.06%。老年人孤独感和社会参与在社会经济地位与认知之间的纵向链式中介效应显著0.010(0.002~0.019),中介效应量为21.03%。结论老年人社会经济地位影响其认知水平,老年人社会参与是社会经济地位影响认知水平的纵向中介变量,老年人孤独感和社会参与在经济地位和认知水平间有链式中介作用。在未来预防老年人认知功能障碍的过程中,应特别关注社会经济地位、孤独感和社会参与的影响。Objective To explore the influence of socioeconomic status on cognitive level and the longitudinal mediating role of loneliness and social participation among the elderly.Methods A total of 2060 research samples were included in the 2011,2014 and 2018 longitudinal data of the China Elderly Health Influencing Factors Longitudinal Survey(CLHLS),and the data were analyzed using cross-lagged mediation model.Results There was a positive correlation between the pre-test socioeconomic status and the post-test cognitive level of the elderly,and the association was statistically significant(β=1.048,P<0.001).The results of 95%of the bootstrap mediating effect test showed that the longitudinal mediating effect of loneliness in the elderly between socioeconomic status and cognition was insignificant-0.004(-0.012-0.004).The socioeconomic status of the elderly indirectly positively affected the cognitive level by positively affecting social participation 0.022(0.009-0.036),and the mediating effect was 33.06%.The longitudinal chain mediating effect between loneliness and social participation between socioeconomic status and cognition was significantly 0.010(0.002-0.019),and the mediating effect was 21.03%.Conclusion The socioeconomic status of the elderly affects the cognitive level,the social participation of the elderly is the mediating variable of the socioeconomic status affecting the cognitive level,and there is a chain mediating effect between economic status and cognitive level in the elderly's loneliness and social participation.In the future prevention of cognitive dysfunction in older adults,special attention should be paid to the impact of socioeconomic status loneliness,and social participation.

关 键 词：老年人 社会经济地位 孤独感 社会参与 认知 

分 类 号：R195.5[医药卫生—卫生统计学]