我国老年人健康素养与健康相关生命质量的相关性分析  

Correlation analysis between health literacy and health-related quality of life among the elderly in China

作　　者：杜市 邬丹 陈静 DU Shi;WU Dan;CHEN Jing(Department of Endemic and Chronic Non-communicable Diseases and Health Education,Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanchuan District,Chongqing 408400,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市南川区疾病预防控制中心地慢健教科,重庆408400

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2025年第4期709-715,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析我国老年人健康素养与健康相关生命质量的相关性。方法采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,使用12条目健康素养量表(short-form health literacy survey questionnaire,HLS-SF12)、欧洲五维健康量表(European five-dimensional five-level health scale,EQ-5D-5L)评估调查对象的健康素养和健康相关生命质量(health-related quality of life,HRQoL),使用健康效用值评价调查对象的健康相关生命质量。使用spearman相关性分析、tobit回归分析、限制性立方样条图分析老年人健康素养与HRQoL的相关性,排除高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常及超重和肥胖的老年人进行敏感性分析。结果共纳入≥60岁老年人1147例,男性581例,占50.65%;年龄以71~75岁最多,361例,占31.47%。健康素养平均水平为34(30,36)分,健康效用值的平均水平为0.94(0.83,1.00)。Spearman相关性分析发现,健康素养评分与健康效应值之间呈正相关(r_(s)=0.370,P<0.001)。Tobit回归分析发现,健康素养与健康效应值呈正相关(β=0.007,95%CI:0.005~0.008,P<0.001)。限制性立方样条显示,调整混杂因素后,健康素养评分与健康效应值之间呈不规则的“右偏态”分布;排除高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常及超重和肥胖的老年人700例进行敏感性分析,健康素养评分与健康效应值之间的关系仍然存在。结论健康素养水平是老年人健康相关生命质量的影响因素,提高老年人的健康素养,有利于患者做出疾病预防控制、卫生保健、健康促进等有益行为。Objective To analyze the correlation between health literacy and health-related quality of life among the elderly in China.Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to measure the health literacy and health-related quality of life of the participants using short-form health literacy survey questionnaire(HLS-SF12)and the European five-dimensional five-level health scale(EQ-5D-5L),respectively.Health-related quality of life was evaluated by using the health utility value.Spearman’s correlation analysis,tobit regression analysis,and restricted cubic spline were used to analyze the correlation between health literacy and HRQoL in elder adults,and sensitivity analyses were performed by excluding participants with hypertension,diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia,and overweight and obesity.Results A total of 1147 cases of older adults aged≥60 years were included,with 581 male cases(50.65%)and the age range of 71-75 years was the most prevalent,with 361 cases(31.47%).The mean level of health literacy was 34(30,36)points,and the mean level of health utility value was 0.94(0.83,1.00).Spearman correlation analysis found a positive correlation between health literacy and health utility value(r_(s)=0.370,P<0.001).Tobit regression analysis found a positive correlation between health literacy and health utility value(β=0.007,95%CI:0.005-0.008,P<0.001).Restricted cubic spline showed an irregular“right skewed”distribution between health literacy and health utility value after adjusting for confounding factors;The relationship between health literacy and health utility value still existed in the sensitivity analyses of elder adults who excluded participants with hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,and overweight and obesity.Conclusion The health literacy level is an influential factor in the health-related quality of life of the elderly,and improving the health literacy of the elderly is conducive to the patients’beneficial behaviors such as disease prevention and control,health care,and health promotion.

关 键 词：老年人 健康素养 健康相关生命质量 相关性 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]