2014—2023年朝阳区60岁及以上人群法定传染病流行特征及趋势分析  

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and trends of notifiable infectious diseases among people aged 60 and above in Chaoyang District,2014-2023

作　　者：王珊[1] 杜新鑫 WANG Shan;DU Xin-xin(Technology Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chaoyang District,Beijing 100020,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心,北京100020 [2]内蒙古科技大学包头医学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2025年第4期725-730,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2021年度北京市重大疫情防治重点专科项目。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市朝阳区≥60岁人群法定传染病流行特征及趋势,为老年人群传染病防控提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病报告信息系统收集2014—2023年朝阳区法定传染病≥60岁病例资料,对其流行特征和发病趋势进行描述性分析。结果2014—2023年朝阳区≥60岁人群法定传染病年均发病率为864.01/10万,历年呈上升趋势(AAPC=31.50%,P<0.05)。以≥85岁人群发病率最高;男性发病率1020.40/10万高于女性922.03/10万(χ^(2)=150.333,P<0.001);以呼吸道传染病发病48979例为主,占比84.56%,其发病率呈上升趋势,而肠道传染病呈下降趋势(AAPC=40.77%,AAPC=-9.12%,P<0.05)。累计死亡317例,年均死亡率4.63/10万。结论2014—2023年朝阳区≥60岁人群法定传染病发病率呈明显上升趋势,需重点关注肺结核、艾滋病和流行性感冒;男性是呼吸道和血源及性传播传染病的高危人群;呼吸道及肠道传染病2020—2023年发病没有明显的季节特征,高峰增多。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and trends of notifiable infectious diseases among≥60-year-olds in Chaoyang District,Beijing,and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in the elderly population.Methods The data of≥60-year-old cases of notifiable infectious diseases in Chaoyang District from 2014 to 2023 were collected through the Infectious Disease Reporting Information System of the Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention,and the incidence trends and epidemiological characteristics of cases were descriptively analyzed.Results From 2014 to 2023,the average annual incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases among≥60-year-old population in Chaoyang District was 864.01/100000 showing an upward trend over the years(AAPC=31.50%,P<0.05).The incidence was highest in the≥85-year-old population,and the incidence rate of males was 1020.40/100000 and higher than that of females(922.03/100000)(χ^(2)=150.333,P<0.001).48979 cases were mainly respiratory infections,accounting for 84.56%,its incidence showed an increasing trend,while that of intestinal infectious diseases showed a decreasing trend(AAPC=40.77%,-9.12%,P<0.05).A total of 317 deaths had been reported,with an average annual mortality rate of 4.63 per 100000.Conclusion From 2014 to 2023,the incidence of notifiable infectious diseases among≥60-year-old population in Chaoyang District showed a significant upward trend,and it is necessary to pay attention to tuberculosis,AIDS and influenza.Males are at high risk of respiratory and bloodborne and sexually transmitted infections;The incidence of respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases from 2020 to 2023 has no obvious seasonal characteristics,and the peak increases.

关 键 词：老年人 法定传染病 流行特征 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]