P2X_(7)受体在心血管疾病中的研究进展  

Research progress on P2X_(7)receptor in cardiovascular diseases

作　　者：张舒红 唐艳红[1] ZHANG Shuhong;TANG Yanhong(Department of Cardiology,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University/Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences,Wuhan University/Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiology,Wuhan,Hubei 430060,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学人民医院心内科/武汉大学心血管病研究所/心血管病湖北省重点实验室,武汉430060

出　　处：《重庆医学》2025年第3期744-749,共6页Chongqing Medical Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81370282)。

摘　　要：嘌呤能(P)2X_(7)受体属于P受体家族中的配体门控离子通道受体,广泛表达于体内组织器官。P2X_(7)受体结构与其他亚型明显不同,导致其对腺苷三磷酸(ATP)亲和力低,在短时间、低浓度ATP刺激下表现为离子通道功能,而在长时间、高浓度ATP刺激下则在细胞膜上形成非选择性孔道,并出现电流易化现象,这两种特性是P2X_(7)受体独特的功能。炎症反应参与多种心血管疾病的病理生理过程,P2X_(7)受体的激活可促进多种慢性炎症性疾病的发生、发展,大量证据也表明P2X_(7)受体参与心肌梗死、动脉粥样硬化、高血压和心肌病等心血管疾病的病理生理过程。该文就P2X_(7)受体的结构、功能及其在各种心血管疾病中的作用机制进行了综述。The P2X_(7)receptor,a ligand-gated ion channel in the purinergic receptor family,is widely expressed in various tissues and organs.Its structure is significantly different from other subtypes.This structural specificity confers low adenosine triphosphate(ATP)binding affinity and two distinct characteristics:ion channel function under short-term/low-concentration ATP stimulation,and formation of non-selective pores with current facilitation during prolonged/high-concentration ATP exposure.Inflammatory responses are involved in the pathophysiological processes of various cardiovascular diseases.Substantial evidence indicates that P2X_(7)receptor activation participates in the pathophysiological processes of myocardial infarction,atherosclerosis,hypertension,and cardiomyopathy..Receptor activation potentiates chronic inflammatory cascades,mechanistically contributing to myocardial infarction,atherosclerosis,hypertension,and cardiomyopathy progression.This review summarizes the structure and function of P2X_(7)receptors and their mechanisms in various cardiovascular diseases.

关 键 词：P2X_(7)受体 腺苷三磷酸 炎症 心肌梗死 动脉粥样硬化 高血压 

分 类 号：R541[医药卫生—心血管疾病]