椎管内麻醉分娩镇痛后爆发痛的研究进展  

Research advances in breakthrough pain following neuraxial labor analgesia

作　　者：刘东 余骏马[1] 朱海娟[2] LIU Dong;YU Junma;ZHU Haijuan(Department of Anesthesiology,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University/Hefei First People’s Hospital,Hefei,Anhui 230061,China;Department of Anesthesiology,Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Anhui Medical University,Hefei,Anhui 230001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学第三附属医院/合肥市第一人民医院麻醉科,合肥230061 [2]安徽医科大学附属妇幼保健院麻醉科,合肥230001

出　　处：《重庆医学》2025年第3期750-754,共5页Chongqing Medical Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82100315);合肥市卫生健康委员会基金项目(Hwk2021yb017)。

摘　　要：椎管内麻醉作为一种常用于分娩镇痛的方法,能有效缓解孕妇痛苦,并提高其对疼痛的控制能力。然而,仍有部分椎管内麻醉后的孕妇出现分娩镇痛后爆发痛。这种剧烈的疼痛可能会影响产程,对母婴安全产生负面影响,并增加转为剖宫产的风险。因此,熟悉并缓解分娩镇痛后爆发痛在临床工作中至关重要。该文就分娩镇痛后爆发痛的危险因素、椎管内麻醉方法、维持麻醉技术,以及降低爆发痛的镇痛药物合理使用等进行了综述。Neuraxial labor analgesia effectively alleviates maternal pain and enhances pain control during delivery.However,breakthrough pain(BTP)following labor analgesia may occur in some parturients after neuraxial anesthesia,potentially prolonging labor progression,compromising maternal-fetal safety,and increasing the risk of cesarean delivery.Therefore,understanding and managing breakthrough pain are crucial in clinical practice.This review synthesizes current evidence on risk factors,neuraxial anesthesia modalities,maintenance techniques,and rational use of analgesic drugs to reduce BTP.

关 键 词：分娩镇痛 椎管内麻醉 爆发痛 剖宫产 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学]