不同温度条件下盐、碱和干旱胁迫对藜麦种子萌发过程的影响  

Effects of Salt,Alkali and Drought Stress on Seed Germination of Quinoa under Different Temperature Conditions

作　　者：王悦娟 赵延蓉 魏玉清 Wang Yuejuan;Zhao Yanrong;Wei Yuqing(Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection of Agro-Pastoral Ecozones in the Yellow River Basin(National Ethnic Affairs Commission),College of Biological Science and Engineering,North Minzu University,Yinchuan,750021)

机构地区：[1]北方民族大学生物科学与工程学院,国家民委黄河流域农牧交错区生态保护重点实验室,银川750021

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2025年第2期543-553,共11页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：北方民族大学高层次人才项目(2019BJLZ02);北方民族大学研究生创新项目(YCX22173)共同资助。

摘　　要：植物种子萌发过程中温度与盐、碱、干旱等非生物因素的互作效应严重影响其正常萌发乃至出苗。本研究以藜麦为试验材料,探究不同温度条件下盐、碱、干旱因素对其种子萌发的影响特征以及互作效应,阐明藜麦种子萌发对环境因素的响应规律,为藜麦抗逆栽培提供依据。试验采用5个不同温度处理,分别用NaCl模拟6个水平的盐处理、NaHCO3模拟6个水平的碱处理和PEG-6000模拟6个水平的干旱处理,通过测定发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数,研究了不同处理对藜麦种子萌发的影响。结果表明,温度升高均能促进各胁迫下藜麦种子萌发进程。在低温时,藜麦种子在高浓度盐和高浓度干旱胁迫下萌发速度更加缓慢。当温度相同时,各萌发指标随着盐浓度的增大逐渐降低;低浓度的碱和干旱对种子萌发具有一定促进作用,在高浓度的碱和干旱胁迫下,各萌发指标随着碱和干旱浓度的增大逐渐降低。在相同浓度的盐、碱、干旱胁迫下,温度升高种子萌发指标呈先上升后下降的趋势。双因素方差分析表明,温度和盐、碱、干旱及温度与其互作均能影响藜麦种子萌发。盐胁迫下,盐对发芽率和活力指数的影响高于温度,而对发芽势和发芽指数的影响小于温度;碱和干旱是影响发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数的主要因素。在盐、碱、干旱胁迫下的最适温度分别是20℃、20℃和25℃。The interaction of temperature and other abiotic factors such as salt,alkali,drought seriously affects seed germination and even seedling emergence.In this study,the effects and interaction of temperature and salt,alkali,drought on seed germination of quinoa were investigated.To elucidate the response characteristic of seed germination of quinoa to environmental factors and provide basis for quinoa stress tolerance cultivation.Five different temperatures and 6 levels of salt(NaCl),6 levels of alkali(NaHCO_(3))and 6 levels of drought treatment(PEG-6000)were used in the experiment.The effects of different treatments on seed germination of quinoa were studied by measuring germination rate,germination force,germination index and vitality index.The results showed that increasing temperature could promote the germination process of quinoa seeds under different stress.At low temperature,quinoa seeds germinated more slowly under high salt concentration and drought stress.When the temperature was the same,the germination indexes decreased with the increase of salt concentration.Low concentration of alkali and drought promoted seed germination.Under high concentration of alkali and drought stress,germination indexes decreased gradually with the increase of alkali and drought concentration.Under the same concentration of salt,alkali and drought stress,the seed germination index increased first and then decreased with the increase of temperature.The results of two-factor ANOVA showed that temperature,salt,alkali,drought and temperature interaction all affected the germination of quinoa seeds.Under salt stress,the effect of salt on germination rate and vitality index was higher than that of temperature,but the effect of salt on germination force and germination index was less than that of temperature.Alkali and drought were the main factors affecting germination rate,germination force,germination index and vitality index.The optimum temperature under salt,alkali and drought stress is 20℃,20℃and 25℃respectively.

关 键 词：藜麦 盐胁迫 碱胁迫 干旱胁迫 种子萌发 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]