建国初对粤港经济海运通道危机的调整与再塑——以珠江口误击“玛利士古”号为中心  

The Adjustment and Reshaping of the Economic Maritime Route Crisis between Guangdong and Hong Kong in Early People's Republic of China:A Case Study of the Mistaken Attack on "Marie Skou" in the Pearl River Estuary

作　　者：周孜正[1] 段博 ZHOU Zizheng;DUAN Bo

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学历史文化学院,510631 [2]华东师范大学历史学系,200241

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2025年第1期28-36,201,共10页History Research And Teaching

基　　金：华东师范大学新文科创新平台项目“上海工业化史料数据库建设”(2022ECNU-XWK-SJ07)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1950年10月中国志愿军入朝鲜参战后,美、英等国对中国的禁运逐步升级,华北、东南的对外贸易通道被封锁,新中国仅余华南海疆港口尚可通航国际轮船。然而,由于中共建政时间较短,对于复杂的港口和贸易管理缺乏经验,导致数次误击外贸商轮事件,让本已陷入危机的海运通道雪上加霜。其中,1951年6月误击“玛利士古”(Marie Skou)号事件引发中共中央和华南分局的高度关注,并对误击事件进行了联合调查、处理和改进,不久后华南外贸迅速恢复,国内急需的物资进口得到增长,由此折射出新中国外贸事业建设的筚路蓝缕。In October 1950,after China's entry into the Korean War,countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom escalated the embargo against China.The foreign trade routes in North China and Southeast China were blocked,leaving only the southern coastal ports accessible to international shipping.However,as the PRC was newly established and lacked experience in managing the complexities of ports and trade,several incidents of misfire against foreign trade ships occurred.These incidents further exacerbated the already precarious maritime trade routes.Among them,the accidental attack on the Danish merchant ship "Marie Skou" in June 1951 drew significant attention from the central government and the South China Sub-Bureau,leading to a joint investigation,resolution,and subsequent improvements.Shortly afterward,South China's foreign trade recovered rapidly,bringing increased imports of urgently needed domestic supplies.This series of events highlighted the arduous journey of the nascent foreign trade endeavors in early PRC.

关 键 词：朝鲜战争 “玛利士古”号 禁运 广州港 

分 类 号：F75[经济管理—国际贸易]